Immunological and Haematological Profiles of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in The Ahafo Region
Charles, B., Singh, B., Feglo, P., Mubarik, Y., Ntiamoah, P., Owusu, E., Awugah, S., Singh, S. (2025). Immunological and Haematological Profiles of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in The Ahafo Region. EKB Journal Management System, 17(1), 141-152. doi: 10.21608/eajbsc.2025.430437
Badiwon Charles; Bhavana Singh; Patrick Feglo; Yusif Mubarik; Paul Ntiamoah; Evans A. Owusu; Sandra A. Awugah; Sanjeev Singh. "Immunological and Haematological Profiles of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in The Ahafo Region". EKB Journal Management System, 17, 1, 2025, 141-152. doi: 10.21608/eajbsc.2025.430437
Charles, B., Singh, B., Feglo, P., Mubarik, Y., Ntiamoah, P., Owusu, E., Awugah, S., Singh, S. (2025). 'Immunological and Haematological Profiles of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in The Ahafo Region', EKB Journal Management System, 17(1), pp. 141-152. doi: 10.21608/eajbsc.2025.430437
Charles, B., Singh, B., Feglo, P., Mubarik, Y., Ntiamoah, P., Owusu, E., Awugah, S., Singh, S. Immunological and Haematological Profiles of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in The Ahafo Region. EKB Journal Management System, 2025; 17(1): 141-152. doi: 10.21608/eajbsc.2025.430437

Immunological and Haematological Profiles of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in The Ahafo Region

Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. C, Physiology and Molecular Biology
Volume 17, Issue 1, June 2025, Page 141-152  XML PDF (576.12 K)
Document Type: Original Article
DOI: 10.21608/eajbsc.2025.430437
View on SCiNiTO View on SCiNiTO
Authors
Badiwon Charles1; Bhavana Singh1; Patrick Feglo1; Yusif Mubarik2; Paul Ntiamoah3; Evans A. Owusu3; Sandra A. Awugah4; Sanjeev Singh5
1Department of Clinical Microbiology, SMS, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.
2West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens, University of Ghana, Legon, Greater Accra, Ghana.
3Saint Elizabeth Hospital, Hwidiem, Ahafo Region, Ghana.
4University of Ghana Medical Center, Legon, Accra, Ghana.
5Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, SMS, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.
Abstract
Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) triggers various disruptions in the body's immune system, leading to changes in blood parameters. This study aimed to identify differences in the levels of inflammation-related cytokines (IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-10) and blood parameters among PTB cases and healthy controls in the Ahafo region of Ghana. This was a single-centre case-control cross-sectional study with convenience sampling among 200 individuals, divided into two equal groups. We evaluated the levels of cytokines and blood parameters in 100 PTB cases and 100 uninfected controls using the sandwich ELISA and the XN-550 haematology analyser, respectively. The study revealed significantly higher levels of all three cytokines in PTB patients compared to the control group. The mean level of IL-10 in PTB cases was notably higher at 258.29 ± 101.97 ρg/mL, compared to non-infected controls at 182.741 ± 44.94 ρg/mL. Similarly, the mean levels of IFN-γ (360.73 ± 181.86 ρg/mL) and TNF-α (2931.42 ± 1359.28 ρg/mL) in PTB cases were significantly elevated compared to healthy controls (IFN-γ: 95.444 ± 51.43 ρg/mL, TNF-α: 1570.57 ± 511.87 ρg/mL), with p-values below 0.001. PTB patients (69%) experienced reduced HgB levels more frequently than the control group (77%) with a p-value of 0.05. However, a higher proportion of PTB cases (44%) exhibited elevated WBC counts compared to healthy controls (28%), with a p-value of 0.004. The results demonstrated significantly elevated levels of both pro-inflammatory (IFN-γ, TNF-α) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) cytokines, as well as blood parameters (WBC, RBC, and HgB), in response to Mtb infection in PTB patients compared to controls.
Keywords
Anti-inflammatory cytokines; pro-inflammatory cytokines; tuberculosis; Xpert mycobacterium tuberculosis/rifampicin
Statistics
Article View: 17
PDF Download: 3