Evaluation of Smartphone-Based GNSS Positioning Using Ionosphere Free-Precise Point Positioning in Static Mode

Kamal, Hussain Ahmed; Abdelazeem, Mohamed; Abazeed, Amgad; Wahaballa, Amr Mohamed

doi:10.21608/aujst.2025.342512.1152

	Evaluation of Smartphone-Based GNSS Positioning Using Ionosphere Free-Precise Point Positioning in Static Mode
Aswan University Journal of Sciences and Technology
Volume 5, Issue 1, March 2025, Page 93-103 PDF (1.19 MB)
Document Type: Original papers
DOI: 10.21608/aujst.2025.342512.1152
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Authors
Hussain Ahmed Kamal ¹; Mohamed Abdelazeem²; Amgad Abazeed³; Amr Mohamed Wahaballa¹
¹Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of engineering, Aswan University, Egypt
²Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of engineering, Aswan University, Egypt. Civil Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia
³Construction and Building Engineering Department, College of Engineering and Technology, Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime Transport, Aswan, Egypt
Abstract
Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) positioning with smartphones has increased attention due to its accessibility and potential for high-precision applications. In this study, the accuracy of the multi-constellation multi-frequency Xiaomi 11T module for static applications is investigated. Two-hour static GPS and Galileo measurements are acquired using Xiaomi 11T centered on a reference point at the Arab Academy for Science, Technology, and Maritime Transport in Aswan, Egypt, over a period of three separate days; subsequently, the measurements are processed using the Ionosphere Free-Precise Point Positioning (IF-PPP) processing model. Three processing scenarios are applied including GPS-only, Galileo-only, and combined GPS/Galileo. To account for satellite and clock errors, the final Center for Orbit Determination in Europe (CODE) products are utilized. The results indicate that decimeter- and submeter-level accuracies can be fulfilled in horizontal and vertical directions, respectively; additionally, the combined constellation positioning accuracy are superior to those obtained from single constellation solutions, which is about 50-centimeter and 80-centimeter position accuracies in horizontal and vertical directions, respectively. Moreover, it is found that GPS-only solution is slightly better than Galileo-only solution, while Galileo-only solutions demonstrate slightly better performance in the vertical directions.
Keywords
Xiaomi 11T; Ionosphere-Free PPP; GPS; Galileo; CODE


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