Knowledge of the Long-Term Athlete Development (LTAD) Model from the Perspective of Swimming Coaches in Jordan
Mahfouz, O., Ermaily, Z., Kilani, H. (2025). Knowledge of the Long-Term Athlete Development (LTAD) Model from the Perspective of Swimming Coaches in Jordan. EKB Journal Management System, 30(1), 7-37. doi: 10.21608/eijssa.2025.432248
Omar Mahfouz; Ziad Ermaily; Hashem Kilani. "Knowledge of the Long-Term Athlete Development (LTAD) Model from the Perspective of Swimming Coaches in Jordan". EKB Journal Management System, 30, 1, 2025, 7-37. doi: 10.21608/eijssa.2025.432248
Mahfouz, O., Ermaily, Z., Kilani, H. (2025). 'Knowledge of the Long-Term Athlete Development (LTAD) Model from the Perspective of Swimming Coaches in Jordan', EKB Journal Management System, 30(1), pp. 7-37. doi: 10.21608/eijssa.2025.432248
Mahfouz, O., Ermaily, Z., Kilani, H. Knowledge of the Long-Term Athlete Development (LTAD) Model from the Perspective of Swimming Coaches in Jordan. EKB Journal Management System, 2025; 30(1): 7-37. doi: 10.21608/eijssa.2025.432248

Knowledge of the Long-Term Athlete Development (LTAD) Model from the Perspective of Swimming Coaches in Jordan

International Journal of Sports Science and Arts
Volume 30, Issue 1, April 2025, Page 7-37  XML PDF (664.94 K)
Document Type: Original Article
DOI: 10.21608/eijssa.2025.432248
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Authors
Omar Mahfouz1; Ziad Ermaily1; Hashem Kilani email orcid 2
1Department of Kinesiology, School of Sport Science, The university of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
2Kinesiology, school of sport science, the university of jordan
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the level of knowledge regarding the Long-Term Athlete Development (LTAD) model among swimming coaches in Jordan, as well as to examine differences in knowledge levels based on coaching classification (A, B, C). To achieve this objective, a specialized test consisting of 48 multiple-choice questions was developed, covering the seven stages of the LTAD model: Active Start, Fundamentals, Learn to Train, Train to Train, Train to Compete, Compete to Win, and Active for Life. The study adopted a descriptive survey methodology, and the sample included certified swimming coaches registered with the Jordan Swimming Federation. Data were analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). An independent samples t-test and a one-way ANOVA were employed to identify differences based on coaching classification levels. The results revealed a generally low level of LTAD-related knowledge among swimming coaches (48.46%). Furthermore, no statistically significant differences were found based on coaching classification (A, B, C). The study recommends increasing specialized training courses on the LTAD model for swimming coaches and integrating LTAD concepts into the coach certification programs (A, B, C) under the supervision of the Olympic Committee.
 
Keywords
Key words: LTAD; swimming; coaches; Jordan
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