An update on the use of alpha-defensin for the diagnosis of prosthetic joint infection: a narrative review | ||||
| The Egyptian Orthopaedic Journal | ||||
| Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 20 June 2025 | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/eoj.2025.391414.1048 | ||||
 View on SCiNiTO | ||||
| Authors | ||||
Mohamed Askar   ; Hany EA Elashmawy ; Ehab Ramadan; Ahmed Saleh
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| Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| Major joint arthroplasty is one of the most quality-of-life-enhancing operations. However, one of the devastating potential complications is prosthetic joint infection. The diagnosis of prosthetic joint infection (PJI) can be challenging. There has been a growing interest in synovial fluid biomarkers for this purpose. Alpha defensin (AD) is an available biomarker to help clinicians diagnose PJI. Prompt accurate diagnosis of PJI is crucial for successful treatment. However, there is no single gold standard diagnostic test. Instead, clinicians use a battery of tests collectively to draw a diagnosis. One of the quickest and promising available synovial biomarkers is the AD test. AD is a small peptide that is secreted by neutrophils in response to infection and has lethal effects on infecting organisms. There are two current techniques for detecting alpha defensin in synovial fluid; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the lateral flow test. This review highlights the benefits and limitations of the use of AD as a diagnostic tool for PJI. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| alpha-defensin; infection; diagnosis | ||||
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