Content Validation of the Selwan Hamza’s Bleeding Risk Assessment Tool (SH-BRAT) | ||||
| Egyptian Journal of Health Care | ||||
| Volume 15, Issue 1, March 2024, Page 2380-2398 PDF (499.31 K) | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/ejhc.2024.434413 | ||||
 View on SCiNiTO | ||||
| Author | ||||
Selwan Hamza Elgazzar 
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| Nursing Education Administration, King Saudi Medical City, Saudi Arabia | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| Background: Bleeding complications significantly contribute to increased morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. Early identification of at-risk patients is essential; however, standardized, nurse-led bleeding risk assessment tools applicable across diverse clinical settings remain scarce. Aim: To establish the content validity of the Selwan Hamza’s Bleeding Risk Assessment Tool (SH-BRAT) for use in nursing practice. Design: A descriptive methodological study incorporating both quantitative expert scoring and qualitative feedback. Setting: The expert panel review was conducted electronically at King Saud Medical City (KSMC), a major tertiary care hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Participants: A purposive sample of eight multidisciplinary experts—including a cardiothoracic surgeon, ICU physician, oncology and endoscopy nursing specialists, and senior nursing educators—all with a minimum of six years of clinical experience. Methods: Experts independently assessed the SH-BRAT using a structured review form evaluating item clarity, relevance, and comprehensiveness. The Scale-Level Content Validity Index (S-CVI/Ave) was calculated, and qualitative feedback was thematically analyzed to inform tool refinement. Results: The SH-BRAT demonstrated excellent content validity (S-CVI/Ave = 0.94). Expert consensus affirmed the tool’s relevance to clinical nursing practice, while qualitative feedback yielded actionable suggestions for minor refinements. Conclusion: The SH-BRAT is a valid, nurse-centered tool for early identification of bleeding risk. Its structure supports seamless integration into routine nursing workflows across various clinical contexts. Recommendations: Further research is recommended to pilot the tool, evaluate its reliability, and assess its clinical utility in real-world settings. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Bleeding Risk Assessment; Nursing Assessment; Clinical Decision-Making; SH-BRAT; Content Validity; Patient Safety; Saudi Arabia | ||||
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