The Role of Chlorella vulgaris in Ameliorating of Neurobehavioral Impairments Induced by Copper Oxide Nanoparticles Subacute Toxicity in Oreochromis niloticus.

Elbohy, Khlood Ebrahim; Khalil, Samah Ramadan; Abo-zeid, Ehsan Hashim; Reda, Rasha Mohamed; Mohamed, Hesham Hosny; Elfransawy, Amira

doi:10.21608/zvjz.2025.353488.1278

	The Role of Chlorella vulgaris in Ameliorating of Neurobehavioral Impairments Induced by Copper Oxide Nanoparticles Subacute Toxicity in Oreochromis niloticus.
Zagazig Veterinary Journal
Volume 53, Issue 2, June 2025, Page 183-206 PDF (889.25 K)
Document Type: Original Article
DOI: 10.21608/zvjz.2025.353488.1278
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Authors
Khlood Ebrahim Elbohy¹; Samah Ramadan Khalil¹; Ehsan Hashim Abo-zeid²; Rasha Mohamed Reda ³; Hesham Hosny Mohamed⁴; Amira Elfransawy ²
¹1Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
²1Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt.
³2Department of Fish Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, P.O. Box 44511, Zagazig, Egypt.
⁴3Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 4511, Egypt
Abstract
Metal-oxide nanoparticles (NPs) including copper oxide CuO-NPs, released uncontrollably into the environment, particularly threatening living things in the aquatic environment. Chlorella vulgaris (ChV) demonstrated a protective effect against hazardous substances by considerably minimizing oxidative burden caused by these compounds. This study will planned to investigate the effect of CuO-NPs sub-acute exposure on neurobehavioral impairments in Oreochromis niloticus (O. niloticus), and assess the ameliorative role of ChV against the induced neurotoxicity. A total of144 O. niloticus were equally divided into four groups as follows: control (C), ChV (30gm/kg diet), CuO-NPs (1/10 LC50, 5.72 µg L−1), and CuO-NPs/ ChV groups. Our data proved that the exposure of CuO-NPs induced a significant increase of hyperpigmentations, ulcerations, tail corrosions and hemorrhages. A significant increase of surfacing, hiding, loss of equilibrium, laterality and motionless behaviors was recorded in exposed fish. On the other hand, exposure of CuO-NPs significantly decreased the number of crossings, feeding behaviors, escape and knocking reflexes. The exposed fish revealed a significant reduction in total antioxidant capacity (TAC) level, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, while malondialdehyde (MDA) and 8-hydroxyguanosine (8-OH2dG) levels significantly increased in brain tissue, in addition to decline in AchE activity in serum. The RT- PCR analysis demonstrated an up-regulation of NF-𝜅β and Caspase-3 mRNA expression levels, while Bcl-2 mRNA expression level down-regulated in brain tissue. Moreover, histopathological alterations were observed in the brain tissue. Importantly, ChV significantly shielded from CuO-NPs-induced neurobehavioral impairments in fish co-supplemented with ChV. Our data demonsterated the neuroprotective effects of ChV in CuO-NPs exposed fish, promoting ChV's usage as a potential anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and neuroprotective agent.
Keywords
Copper oxide nanoparticles; Chlorella vulgaris; Oreochromis niloticus; Neurobehavioral impairments; Oxidative stress


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