Comparative Analysis of the Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activities of Terminalia catalpa Linn. Fruit Polyphenolic-Enriched and Lipoidal-Enriched Extracts
Awwad, A., Rasheed, D., El Gebaly, E., El-Shiekh, R., El-Gayed, S. (2025). Comparative Analysis of the Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activities of Terminalia catalpa Linn. Fruit Polyphenolic-Enriched and Lipoidal-Enriched Extracts. EKB Journal Management System, (), -. doi: 10.21608/bfsa.2025.379398.2532
Amira E. Awwad; Dalia M. Rasheed; Eman El Gebaly; Riham El-Shiekh; Sabah El-Gayed El-Gayed. "Comparative Analysis of the Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activities of Terminalia catalpa Linn. Fruit Polyphenolic-Enriched and Lipoidal-Enriched Extracts". EKB Journal Management System, , , 2025, -. doi: 10.21608/bfsa.2025.379398.2532
Awwad, A., Rasheed, D., El Gebaly, E., El-Shiekh, R., El-Gayed, S. (2025). 'Comparative Analysis of the Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activities of Terminalia catalpa Linn. Fruit Polyphenolic-Enriched and Lipoidal-Enriched Extracts', EKB Journal Management System, (), pp. -. doi: 10.21608/bfsa.2025.379398.2532
Awwad, A., Rasheed, D., El Gebaly, E., El-Shiekh, R., El-Gayed, S. Comparative Analysis of the Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activities of Terminalia catalpa Linn. Fruit Polyphenolic-Enriched and Lipoidal-Enriched Extracts. EKB Journal Management System, 2025; (): -. doi: 10.21608/bfsa.2025.379398.2532

Comparative Analysis of the Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activities of Terminalia catalpa Linn. Fruit Polyphenolic-Enriched and Lipoidal-Enriched Extracts

Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences Assiut University
Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 06 July 2025  XML
Document Type: Original Article
DOI: 10.21608/bfsa.2025.379398.2532
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Authors
Amira E. Awwad email orcid 1; Dalia M. Rasheed1; Eman El Gebaly2; Riham El-Shiekh3; Sabah El-Gayed El-Gayed1
1Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, Sixth of October City, 12585, Egypt
2Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University
3Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University
Abstract
Terminalia catappa Linn. is a tropical plant known for its anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and wound-healing activities. Lipoidal (LE) and polyphenolic (PE) extracts from Terminalia catappa fruits were comparatively evaluated for their antimicrobial activity along with chemical characterization of the LE. Fruits were separately macerated in n-hexane and distilled water to obtain LE and PE, respectively. The chemical profile of LE was determined using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), identifying 22 fatty acids in the saponifiable fraction, mainly palmitic (35.78%), oleic (14.25%) and heptadecanoic acids (10.36%). Five major compounds in the unsaponifiable fraction were primarily stigmasterol (77.75%) and β-sitosterol (12.14%). Antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities were assessed by agar disk diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration and tissue culture plate methods. PE exhibited strong antimicrobial action against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. LE demonstrated potent activity, notably against C. albicans, surpassing fluconazole. These findings support LE as a promising candidate for natural antimicrobial agents.
Keywords
Antimicrobial; Fatty acids; GC-MS; Lipoidal extract; Terminalia catappa Linn
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