Molecular determination of some resistance genes in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from patients with urinary tract infections in AL-Najaf City, Iraq | ||
| Microbes and Infectious Diseases | ||
| Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 07 July 2025 | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/mid.2025.378952.2737 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Maryam H.Mussa* 1; Baydaa A. Hassan2 | ||
| 1Faculty of pharmacy, Clinical Laboratory Sciences Branch, University of Kufa, Iraq | ||
| 2Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, University of Kufa, Iraq | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Background: Research explored resistance gene molecular detection in E. coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae strains isolated from urinary tract infection patients in Najaf Province healthcare facilities in Iraq. Methods: Scientists obtained 400 urinary tract infection samples from patient populations at AL-Imam AL-Sajad Hospital, Al-Sader Hospital along with AL-Forat Hospital in Najaf. The research included urinary tract infection samples from different age groups and both sexes, which were collected between November 2023 to June 2024. A test of antimicrobial drug sensitivity was performed on 120 E. coli and 90 Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates through the agar disc diffusion method (Kirby-Bauer method) which followed CLSI guidelines 2023. Results: Testing of E. coli isolates indicated Fosfomycin (58.33% resistance) as the most effective antibiotic and Nitrofurantoin (15% resistance) as the least effective antibiotic against the bacterial group. Analysis revealed that Fosfomycin (55.55%) and Trimethoprim (44.44%) together with Ceftriaxone (41.11%) and Amikacin (36.66%) and Tetracycline (33.33%) and Piperacillin (27.27%) with Azithromycin (25.25%) and Ciprofloxacin (20%) Imipenem (14.44%) and Nitrofurantoin (11.11%) showed the highest resistance levels for Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates. The tests focused on resistance gene detection through PCR evaluation of forty bacterial isolates. The tests identified 1-30 isolates as E. coli while the corresponding 31-40 isolates were K. pneumoniae. The combination of (ctxm, TEM, SHV) genes found in E. coli strains showed positive associations with beta-lactam antibiotic resistance during 100%, 93% and 60% of analyzed tests. Conclusion: DNA tests on K. pneumoniae microbiota revealed that these genes existed in every sample and half of the specimens but had a consistent presence in 90% of isolates. Among the E. coli isolates trimethoprim resistance stemmed from (dfrA1 and dfrA5) genes that tested positive in 96% and 70% of samples respectively but K. pneumoniae isolates showed 80% and 60% positivity. Resistance to Fosfomycin through (fosA1 and fosA5) gene expression was detected in 36% and 16.6% of E. coli strains in addition to full detection in all K. pneumoniae strains. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Escherichia coli; Klebsiella pneumoniae; Antimicrobial agents; PCR technique | ||
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