α-Glucosidase Inhibition by Taverniera aegyptiaca Flavonoids: Integrating In Vitro and In Silico Approaches for Antidiabetic Potential | ||||
| Egyptian Journal of Chemistry | ||||
| Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 08 July 2025 | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/ejchem.2025.383771.11746 | ||||
 View on SCiNiTO | ||||
| Authors | ||||
Ahmed R. Hassan   ; Ahmed A.M.A. Selim
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| Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Department, Desert Research Center, El-Matariya 11753, Cairo, Egypt | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| α-Glucosidase is the most important enzyme in carbohydrate digestion. Inhibition of α-glucosidase will prevent excess glucose absorption in the small intestine. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors such as acarbose are one of the most effective drugs used to reduce post-prandial hyperglycemia, which leads to a reduction in diabetes mellitus Type II complications. The inhibitory effects of plant extracts on α-glucosidase have garnered significant interest among researchers due to their high content of bioactive polyphenolic compounds, such as flavonoids. Accordingly, this study satisfactorily investigates the in-vitro and in-silico α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of Taverniera aegyptiaca hydro-ethanolic extract (Fabaceae family) and its flavonoid content. The total extract (70% EtOH) of T. aegyptiaca showed a potent in vitro α-glucosidase inhibitory activity (IC50= 3.9 µg/mL) compared to acarbose (IC50= 30.5 µg/mL). The sixteen known flavonoids isolated from the plant (1-16) were further screened to α-glucosidase assay, and only four compounds; formononetin (11), calycosin (13), 2'-methylisoquiritigenin (15), and isorhamentin (7) showed significant activity with IC50 of 95, 75.7, 31.3 and 11.3 µg/mL, respectively. The in-silico investigation on the four active flavonoid compounds matched our in vitro α-glucosidase results. Isorhamentin (7) had the best pharmacophore sites among the studied compounds (four binding sites from five) and binding mode (-7.401) to α-glucosidase enzyme as its phenolic group of the B-ring flavonoid structure could be involved in the binding to the amino acid (ASP 357) which cost less energy over the other three compounds (11, 13, 15). Overall, these findings demonstrate the potential of T. aegyptiaca as a valuable source of novel α-glucosidase inhibitors for managing postprandial hyperglycemia in type II diabetes. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Taverniera aegyptiaca; Fabaceae; Flavonoids; In Vitro α-Glucosidase; In Silico Study | ||||
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