A Study on the Impact of Metamaterials on Performance of Antennas in Millimeter-Wave Networks | ||||
| International Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences-October 6 University | ||||
| Article 8, Volume 2, Issue 2, July 2025, Page 92-98 PDF (710.58 K) | ||||
| Document Type: Review Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/ijeasou.2025.390028.1059 | ||||
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| Authors | ||||
Islam Osama  1; Mohamed Elhefnawy2; Ahmed Yahya3
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| 1Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, October 6 University, 6th of October City, Giza, Egypt | ||||
| 2Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, October 6 University, 6th of October City, 12585, Giza, Egypt | ||||
| 3Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11884, Cairo, Egypt | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| In fifth generation (5G) and later networks, the growing demand for high data rates in modern wireless communication systems has established millimeter-wave (mm-wave) frequencies as a fundamental resource. Nevertheless, especially regarding gain, bandwidth, and efficiency, conventional antenna designs usually find it difficult to meet the strict performance criteria at these high frequencies. Artificially designed objects with electromagnetic properties not usually found in nature have become a good way to solve these limitations: metamaterials. This paper presents a systematic mini-review of metamaterial-based performance enhancements in millimeter-wave antenna systems, focusing on key metrics such as gain, efficiency, and bandwidth. The analysis covers several approaches applied in the design and evaluation of mm-wave antennas enhanced by metamaterials, including advanced computational modeling and experimental characterizing methods. With some cases spanning 60% of the operational frequency range, literature reveals amazing increases in antenna gain—often above 13 dBi—and significant bandwidth gains. Furthermore, metamaterials have shown great radiation efficiency; in some cases, they reach 94% in particular configurations. Surface wave suppression, negative refractive index, and the development of resonant cavities—among other unique electromagnetic manipulating characteristics of metamaterials—are credited with the performance improvements. These developments have important consequences for the future of mm-wave communication systems since they enable more reliable and effective high data transfer over several applications, including radar systems, wearable technologies, and cellular networks, which emphasizes possible future directions for research and development in this fast-advancing field. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Metamaterials; Millimeter-wave; Gain; Bandwidth; Efficiency | ||||
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