فعالية السياسة الجنائية في مواجهة الجرائم المعلوماتية (دراسة مقارنة في ضوء متطلبات الأمن السيبراني) / The Effectiveness of Criminal Policy in Combating Cybercrimes A Comparative Legal Study in Light of Cybersecurity Requirements

-Abhijeet Shrivastava, revisiting due diligence in cyberspace, crafting international law’s arsenal against transboundary botnets, International Journal of Law and Information Technology, Oxford university press, Vol.30, Issue 3, 2022.

- Adam Noor, UAE Cybercrime Law: Legal Responses to Digital Threats. Middle Eastern Journal of Cyber security Law, 18(2),2021.

 -Ahmed El-Badry, Egypt's Cybercrime Law: Evolution, Challenges, and Impact. Journal of International Cyber Law,2020, 17(3).

-Anebal Moneir , Le droit pénal à l'ère numérique : les nouvelles frontières de la cybercriminalité, Mon Code Juridique, 2020.

-Bhupinder Singh, prospects of information technology in reference to cyber terrorism,

National Journal of Cyber Security Law, Vol.8 ,No.2, 2025.

2022. 2022. -Brad ofeinky ,comparative Analysis of Cybercrime in the Criminal Law System

-Daniel Solove, J, Information Privacy Law, Aspen Publishers, 2020.

-Darsheen Kaur, beyond the firewall, understanding the complexities of cybersecurity, National Journal of Cyber Security Law, Vol.8 ,No.2, 2025.

 - David Wall ,Cybercrime, The Transformation of Crime in the Information Age , 2nd Edition, Polity Press,2020.

-Edmond Miller , Cybercrime and Digital Evidence, Oxford University Press 2022.

- Édouard Champlin , La cybercriminalité , enjeux, législation et défis pour la justice du 21e siècle,28-3-2023.

-Federico Casolari, the EU data ACT in context, a legal assessment, International Journal of Law and Information Technology, Oxford university press, Vol.31, Issue 4, winter, 2023.

- Felep Oniell , Le droit pénal à l'ère numérique : les nouvelles infractions technologiques qui bouleversent la justice , Juridique Pro,2024.

-Garé Thierry, droit pénal, procédure pénale,paris ,editions Dalloz, 2023.

-Giovanni De Gregorio, digital constitutionalism in the new area of internet governance, International Journal of Law and Information Technology, Oxford university press, Vol.30, Issue 1, spring, 2022.

-Goug clough, Principles of Cybercrime (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press,2021.

-Indrayudh Chowdhury, a discussion on cybercrimes with reference to the information technology Act 2000, National Journal of Cyber Security Law, Vol.6 ,No.1, 2022.

-Jeff Kosseff , Cybersecurity Law 6, Wiley , 2022 .

- Jonsy Lemoine, J, The Role of French Cybercrime Laws in the Fight Against Digital Threats. Journal of European Cyber security Law, 10(1) 2020.

-Jorge Contreras, the equality machine, harnessing digital technology for brighter, more inclusive future, International Journal of Law and Information Technology, Oxford university press, Vol.31, Issue 3, 2023.

- Julien Bacach, "Le droit pénal et les cybercriminals, l’évolution de la législation française, Presses Universitaires de France, 2021.

-Katie Logos, estaplishing a framework for the ethical and legal use of web scrabers by cybercrime and cybersecurity researchers, International Journal of Law and Information Technology, Oxford university press, Vol.31, Issue 3, 2023.

-Katneni Sharan, cyber insurance, legal challenges and regulatory responses, National Journal of Cyber Security Law, Vol.8 ,No.2, 2025.

-Keerihana Krishna, the legal landscape of online games, an analysis of Cyber Law and its regulatitory challenges, National Journal of Cyber Security Law, Vol.8 ,No.1, 2025.

-Konrad Borowic, the data quality problem (in the European financial data space), International Journal of Law and Information Technology, Oxford university press, Vol.32, Issue 1, 2024.

-Margarita Robles, digital identity, an approach to its nature, concept and functionalities, International Journal of Law and Information Technology, Oxford university press, Vol.32, Issue 1, 2024.

-Mark Ryan, will the real data sovereign please stand up ? an EU policy response to sovereignty in data spaces, International Journal of Law and Information Technology, Oxford university press, Vol.32, Issue 1, 2024.

- Mohamed Said El-Ghamdi, Cybercrime Legislation in Saudi Arabia, A Critical Review of the Saudi Anti-Cybercrime Law. International Journal of Cyber Law and Ethics, 14(2),2020.

-Nelam, securing justice to victims of crime, victimization in the digital environment, National Journal of Cyber Security Law, Vol.6 ,No.1, 2022.

-Niamh Kinchin, voiceless, the procedural gap in algorithmic justice, International Journal of Law and Information Technology, Oxford university press, Vol.32, Issue 1, 2024.

-Nilson Biedron , Understanding Cybercrime in the COVID-19 Pandemic, Legal Implications and Enforcement Challenges , Master Degree ,University of Maryland ,2023. UMBC . https:llumd.edu

- Orin kerr ,computer crim law ,5th edition , west Academic , 2022.

-Pieter Wolters, the EU digital services ACT, what does it mean for online advertising and adtech ? , International Journal of Law and Information Technology, Oxford university press, Vol.33, Issue 1, 2025.

-Rasikaviya Karesh, harmonizing privacy and security cybercrime legislation in the digital age, National Journal of Cyber Security Law, Vol.8 ,No.1, 2025.

-Richard Mackenzie, supererogatory consumer choices grounded in the human right to privacy, International Journal of Law and Information Technology, Oxford university press, Vol.33, Issue 1, 2025.

-Sameera Khan, protection and empowerment of women in the Era of cyberspace, National Journal of Cyber Security Law, Vol.6 ,No.2, 2022.

- Sam Schjlberg, The History of Cybercrime, 1970 to 2020, Cyberspace Law & Policy Centre, 2020.

-Samriddha Behere, the facebook data breach and its consequences for privacy and cybersecurity, National Journal of Cyber Security Law, Vol.7 ,No.1, 2024.

 -Saphy Lal Bullu, the global development of ICT, a quest for an assessment on the uncertainty impacts on countries development challenge to fight against corruption, National Journal of Cyber Security Law, Vol.8 ,No.2, 2025.

-Scarlet Rosalie Biedron , Cybercrime in the Digital Age: Legal Challenges and Law Enforcement Strategies, Oxford PHD,2023.

-Spellar Seigfried, , Updating the Law of Computer Crime." Harvard Law Review, 134(3), 837–890,2020.

-Steven Cerr , Computer Crime Law, West Academic Publishing, 2018.

Oxford University Press , 2021.

-Susan Brenner, Cyber Crime, Law and Practice 3,

-Susan Zacharia, digital constitutionalism, an emerging dimension of Cyber Law, National Journal of Cyber Security Law, Vol.8 ,No.1, 2025.

-Swetha Shree, analysis of cyber phishing Laws, National Journal of Cyber Security Law, Vol.7 ,No.2, 2024.

-Touodor Holt, J, Cybercrime and Digital Forensics, An Introduction, (2nd ed) Routledge,2022.

-Vàclav Janecek, rethinking law, regulation, and technology, International Journal of Law and Information Technology, Oxford university press, Vol.30, Issue 4, winter, 2022.

-Venkat Abhinav, Cyber Law in the world, National Journal of Cyber Security Law, Vol.6 ,No.1, 2022.

-Vinit Dhage, cybercrime and cyberbulling, Targeting minors, National Journal of Cyber Security Law, Vol.6 ,No.2, 2023.

-Vivek Sehrawat, autonomous weapon systems and meaningful human control, International Journal of Law and Information Technology, Oxford university press, Vol.33, Issue 1, 2025.

- Walte Brenner,Cybercrime and the Law, Challenges, Issues, and Outcomes, Carolina Academic Press ,2021.

الأنظمة واللوائح

-نظام مكافحة الجرائم المعلوماتية السعودي الصادر بالمرسوم الملكي رقم م/17 بتاريخ 8/3/1428.

- الأمر الملكي رقم( أ/17) بتاريخ 26/2/1439 الخاص بإنشاء الهيئة الوطنية السعودية للأمن السيبراني .

- الدليل الإجرائي في التحقيقات الرقمية , إصدارات وزارة الداخلية السعودية , الإصدار الثاني 2022.

- تقرير وزارة العدل السعودية عن نظام الإثبات, الرياض 2022.

- لائحة توثيق الإجراءات الرقمية , هيئة الحكومة الرقمية , المملكة العربية السعودية 2022.

- قانون مكافحة جرائم تقنية المعلومات، القانون المصري رقم 175 لسنة 2018، الجريدة الرسمية، العدد 32 مكرر (أ)، 14 أغسطس 2018.

-قانون حماية البنية التحتية للمعلومات الحيوية، القانون الاتحادي رقم 5 لسنة 2020، دولة الإمارات العربية المتحدة.

- مرسوم بقانون اتحادي رقم 5 لسنة 2012، مكافحة جرائم تقنية المعلومات، الجريدة الرسمية، دولة الإمارات العربية المتحدة، 2012.

-Code penal français ,

https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/codes/texte_lc/LEGITEXT000006070719/

-Loi n° 78-17 du 6 janvier 1978 relative à l'informatique, aux fichiers et aux libertés

. Légifrance

-Loi n° 2004-575 du 21 juin 2004 pour la confiance dans l'économie numérique Légifrance Loi LCEN.

-Code de procédure pénale , Chambre criminelle, Légifrance 2001.

-Loi n° 2016-1321 du 7 octobre 2016 pour une République numérique , Légifrance – Loi République numérique.

-Loi n° 2015-912 du 24 juillet 2015 relative au renseignement, Légifrance – Loi renseignement.

-Loi n° 2015-993 du 17 août 2015 relative à la lutte contre le terrorisme et le crime organisé, Légifrance – Loi lutte contre le terrorisme.

-إصدارات رسمية باللغة الأجنبية

-Budapest Convention on Cybercrime, Council of Europe, 2001.

https://www.coe.int/en/web/cybercrime/the-budapest-convention

 -CRS Legal Research Cybercrime and the Law, Primer on the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act and Related Statutes Congressional Research Service, 2023.

-Council of Europe, "Convention on Cybercrime" , Treaty No 185.

Avalable online: https://www.coe.int/en/web/conventions/full-list/-/conventions/treaty/185.

-Council of Europe, Budapest Convention on Cybercrime: 20 Years of Global Impact,2023.

https://www.coe.in

- European Union Agency for Cybersecurity (ENISA). (2023). Threat Landscape Report

https://www.enisa.europa.eu

-Les infractions liées au numérique enregistrées par les services de sécurité en 2024

الجهة الناشرة: وزارة الداخلية الفرنسية التاريخ: 6 فبراير 2025

-UAE National Cyber security Strategy, Telecommunications and Digital Government Regulatory Authority (TDRA), 2020.

-United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), Comprehensive Study on Cybercrime, 2023.

- UNODC, Global Programme on Cybercrime, Annual Report,2022.

https://www.unodc.org

- National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Framework for Improving Critical Infrastructure Cybersecurity (Version 2.0)2022.

https://www.nist.gov

-Règlement (UE) 2016/679 du Parlement européen et du Conseil du 27 avril 2016 , GDPR – EUR-Le.

-Les infractions liées au numérique enregistrées par la police et la gendarmerie de 2016 à 2023 : Panorama d’une criminalité hétérogène

30-4-2024.(Service statistique ministériel de la sécurité intérieure)

السوابق القضائية الفرنسية

-محكمة استئناف باريس الغرفة 12 , 30 أكتوبر 2002, الوصول غير المشروع

http://www.legalis.net/spip.php?page=jurisprudence-decision&id_article=136

-محكمة الدرجة الأولى , باريس, الدائرة 12 , 1 يونيو 2007 , الوصول غير القانوني

http://www.legalis.net/spip.php?page=jurisprudence-decision&id_article=2179

-المحكمة العليا , الغرفة الجنائية , 8 فبراير 2012, تدخل البيانات وتدخل النظام

http://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/affichJuriJudi.do?idTexte=JURITEXT000025534746

-المحكمة العليا , الغرفة الجنائية 29 أكتوبر , تشرين الأول 2009 , تأكيد تأهيل النشر الإلكتروني لثغرة أمنية كجريمة جنائية بموجب المادة1-3- 323 من القانون الجنائي الفرنسي (إساءة استخدام الجهاز والجرائم ذات الصلة)

http://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/affichJuriJudi.do?oldAction=rechJuriJudi&idTexte=JURITEXT000021299967&fastReqId=750589792

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• sami eabd albaqi, al'amn alsaybiraniu kamadkhal lilwiqayat min aljarimat al'iiliktruniati, majalat albuhuth alqanuniati, jamieat eayn shams, 2020.
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al'anzima wallawayih

• -nizam mukafahat aljarayim almaelumatiat alsueudii alsaadir bialmarsum almalakii raqm mi/17 bitarikh 8/3/1428.
• al'amr almalakiu raqma( 'a/17) bitarikh 26/2/1439 alkhasi bi'iinsha' alhayyat alwataniat alsaeudiat lil'amn alsiybiranii .
• aldalil al'iijrayiyu fi altahqiqat alraqamiat , 'iisdarat wizarat aldaakhiliat alsaeudiat , al'iisdar althaani 2022.
• taqrir wizarat aleadl alsueudiat ean nizam al'iithbati, alriyad 2022.
• layihat tawthiq al'iijra'at alraqamiat , hayyat alhukumat alraqamiat , almamlakat alearabiat alsueudiat 2022.
• qanun mukafahat jarayim tiqniat almaelumati, alqanun almisriu raqm 175 lisanat 2018, aljaridat alrasmiat, aleadad 32 mukarir ('a), 14 'aghustus 2018.
• -qanun himayat albinyat altahtiat lilmaelumat alhayawiati, alqanun alaitihadiu raqm 5 lisanat 2020, dawlat al'iimarat alearabiat almutahidati.
• marsum biqanun atihadiin raqm 5 lisanat 2012, mukafahat jarayim taqniat almaelumati, aljaridat alrasmiati, dawlat al'iimarat alearabiat almutahidati, 2012.

alsawabiq alqadayiya alfaransia

• -mahkamat astinaf baris alghurfat 12 , 30 'uktubar 2002, alwusul ghayr almashrue

http://www.legalis.net/spip.php?page=jurisprudence-decision&id_article=136

• -mahkamat aldarajat al'uwlaa , baris, aldaayirat 12 , 1 yuniu 2007 , alwusul ghayr alqanunii

http://www.legalis.net/spip.php?page=jurisprudence-decision&id_article=2179

• -almahkamat aleulya , alghurfat aljinayiyat , 8 fibrayir 2012, tadakhul albayanat watadkhul alnizam

http://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/affichJuriJudi.do?idTexte=JURITEXT000025534746

• -almahkamat aleulya , alghurfat aljinayiyat 29 'uktubar , tishrin al'awal 2009 , takid tahil alnashr al'iiliktrunii lithaghrat 'amniat kajarimat jinayiyat bimujib almadati1-3- 323 min alqanun aljinayiyi alfaransii ('iisa'at aistikhdam aljihaz waljarayim dhat alsilati)

http://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/affichJuriJudi.do?oldAction=rechJuriJudi&idTexte=JURITEXT000021299967&fastReqId=750589792