Effect of Annona Muricata on Type-2 Diabetic Nephropathy in Rats: Possible Role of Dynamin-Related Protein-1 and Transforming Growth Factor-β1 | ||||
| Egyptian Journal of Medical Microbiology | ||||
| Article 44, Volume 35, Issue 1, January 2026 | ||||
| Document Type: New and original researches in the field of Microbiology. | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/ejmm.2025.399458.1749 | ||||
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| Authors | ||||
Al-Shaimaa E. Mohamed  1; Refka K. Messiha2; Hanaa G. El. Serougy2; Hany M. Borg1; Zienab Abdallah2
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| 1Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kafr El-Sheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt | ||||
| 2Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, AL Mansoura, AL Dakahlia, Egypt | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| Background: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a significant complication of diabetes mellitus, characterized by mitochondrial dysfunction and fibrotic changes caused by hyperglycemia. Annona muricata (AM), a tropical plant known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, may provide renoprotective benefits. Objective: To assess the effects of AM, both alone and in combination with metformin, on glycemic control, oxidative stress, renal function, and key molecular mediators in rats with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 2 diabetic nephropathy. Methodology: Fifty male Wistar albino rats were randomized into five groups: a control group, diabetic untreated, diabetic treated with metformin (500 mg/kg/day), diabetic treated with AM extract (100 mg/kg/day), and diabetic treated with both metformin and AM. Treatments were administered orally for 30 days after confirmation of diabetes and proteinuria. Biochemical assays measured fasting blood glucose (FBG), serum insulin, HOMA-IR, HbA1c, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), and TNF-α. Renal tissue expression of dynamin-related protein-1 (DRP-1) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) was quantified using ELISA and immunohistochemistry. Histopathological analyses were done. Results: AM and metformin, both individually and in combination, significantly improved glycemic indices, renal function, and markers of oxidative stress compared to untreated diabetic rats (p<0.05). The combined therapy produced the most notable improvements. Both DRP-1 and TGF-β1 levels were positively correlated with markers of renal dysfunction and oxidative stress, while negatively correlated with insulin and GSH. Conclusion: Annona muricata, particularly in combination with metformin, ameliorates biochemical, molecular, and histopathological features of diabetic nephropathy, likely via modulation of mitochondrial dynamics and fibrotic pathways. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Annona muricata; diabetic nephropathy; dynamin-related protein-1; transforming growth factor-β1; oxidative stress | ||||
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