COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW PAPER: SOIL IMPROVEMENT TECHNIQUES FOR CLAYEY SOIL IN EAST PORT SAID, EGYPT | ||||
| International Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences-October 6 University | ||||
| Article 15, Volume 2, Issue 2, July 2025, Page 175-179 PDF (223.03 K) | ||||
| Document Type: Review Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/ijeasou.2025.391189.1063 | ||||
 View on SCiNiTO | ||||
| Authors | ||||
Ahmed H Elbosraty1; Mohamed R Ahmed  2
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| 1Building and Construction Department Faculty of Engineering at October 6th university | ||||
| 2Assistant professor, Building and Construction Dept., Faculty of Engineering., October 6 University, Giza, Egypt | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| East Port Said, a strategic Egyptian city on the northern Suez Canal, is underlain by extensive deposits of soft, highly plastic clayey soils that make infrastructure improvement geotechnically challenging. These problematic soils have low shear strength (5–20 kPa), high compressibility (compression index Cc > 0.3), and low permeability (k < 10⁻⁸ m/s), leading to large settlements, inadequate bearing capacity, and long consolidation times. Such adverse conditions may cause differential settlement, embankment instability, and pavement failure. The geotechnical properties of East Port Said’s clay deposits have been investigated through Atterberg limits, consolidation tests, and unconfined compressive strength (UCS) assessments in previous studies. These studies evaluate soil improvement methods based on site-specific characteristics, emphasizing engineering performance, cost-effectiveness, and environmental sustainability. Recommended techniques include preloading with prefabricated vertical drains (PVDs) to accelerate consolidation, chemical stabilization using lime and cement to enhance strength and reduce plasticity, geosynthetic reinforcement for load distribution and settlement control, and deep soil mixing for foundation support. The comparative analysis integrates laboratory results, numerical models, and case studies from similar geo-environments in Egypt and globally. Key evaluation criteria include improvements in shear strength (ΔSu), reductions in compressibility (ΔCc), implementation time, and lifecycle cost. Environmental impacts, especially the carbon footprint of cement-based methods, are also considered. Research finds that PVD preloading is most economical for large-scale reclamation, while lime stabilization provides rapid strength gains for transport infrastructure. The study offers tailored recommendations for East Port Said projects, aiding engineers and planners in addressing industrial growth, climate, and sustainability targets. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Clayey soils; soil improvement; East Port Said, geotechnical engineering | ||||
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