Temporal and Spatial Changes in Organic Pollution Levels Using the Organic Pollution Index (OPI) in Khor Al-Zubair, Southern Iraq | ||||
| Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries | ||||
| Article 37, Volume 29, Issue 4, July and August 2025, Page 691-701 PDF (455.49 K) | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/ejabf.2025.441420 | ||||
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| Author | ||||
| Ali et al. | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| The organic pollution index (OPI) was employed to assess the temporal and spatial variations of organic pollutants in Khor Al-Zubair, southern Iraq. Four key parameters (BOD5, NO3, PO4, and NH4) were analyzed from water samples collected monthly between January and December 2024 at three monitoring stations. The annual OPI values showed a descending trend, with the highest value recorded at Station 1 (194.42), followed by Station 2 (157.54), and the lowest value at Station 3 (151.54). Spatial and temporal OPI values fluctuated significantly, ranging from a peak of 324.27 at Station 1 in January (classified as very poor) to a minimum of 26.58 at Station 3 in April (classified as good). Station 1 consistently exhibited the highest OPI values alongside elevated concentrations of BOD5, NO3, PO4, and NH4 throughout most months. The study confirmed the presence of serious organic pollution in the water, particularly at Station 1. This is primarily due to the discharge of large quantities of untreated sewage from the Hamdan Wastewater Treatment Plant and the Shatt al-Basra Canal into the Khor al-Zubair waterway, in addition to numerous human activities. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Khour; Al-Zubair; Organic pollution index; Water pollution | ||||
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