Investigation of virulence determinants of Candida species and some serological assessments of periodontitis in Thi-Qar Province, Iraq | ||||
| Microbial Biosystems | ||||
| Article 30, Volume 10, Issue 2, June 2025, Page 275-282 PDF (594.27 K) | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/mb.2025.370062.1282 | ||||
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| Authors | ||||
Ahmed A. Khadim1; Iman Alfayyadh  2
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| 1Thi-Qar Health Directorate, Iraqi Ministry of Health, Nasiriya, Iraq. | ||||
| 2Department of Pathological Analysis, College of Science, University of Thi-Qar, Iraq. | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| Periodontitis is a widespread inflammatory condition affecting individuals across all age groups, with microbial agents—particularly opportunistic yeasts—playing a significant role in its development. The oral cavity offers a favorable environment for various microorganisms, among which Candida species are commonly isolated. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of Candida spp. associated with periodontitis in Thi-Qar Governorate, along with their biofilm-forming capabilities and virulence factors. A total of 130 patients with suspected periodontitis and 30 healthy controls were enrolled. Blood samples and periodontal swabs were collected from each participant and cultured on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA), followed by chromogenic agar for species differentiation. Pathogenic Candida species were identified using the fully automated VITEK 2 Compact system, and their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined. C-reactive protein (CRP) tests were conducted as markers of inflammation. In total, 60 Candida isolates were recovered, with C. tropicalis being the most prevalent (19/60; 32%), followed by C. famata (5/60; 8%). The species distribution showed statistically significant differences (p < 0.01). Of the 60 isolates, 24 demonstrated strong biofilm formation, 23 moderate, and 13 weak, with significant variation among them (p < 0.01). The findings highlight C. tropicalis as a key contributor to periodontitis. Importantly, antifungal treatment administered under dental supervision, along with proper oral care and health education, was associated with a notable reduction in disease prevalence. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Antifungal susceptibility; biofilm formation; C-reactive protein; chromogenic agar; MIC determination; VITEK 2 system | ||||
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