Common Risk Factors for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus | ||||
| Zagazig University Medical Journal | ||||
| Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 15 July 2025 | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/zumj.2025.393952.3999 | ||||
 View on SCiNiTO | ||||
| Authors | ||||
Nora Nabil Hussien1; Zeinab Mohamed Omar Saqr  1; Yousef Abo-Elwan 2; Nahla Ashraf Zaitoun 1
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| 1Family Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University | ||||
| 2Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common pregnancy condition that has serious effects on both the health of the mother and fetus. High body mass index (BMI), advanced mother age, physical inactivity, multiparity, family history of type 2 diabetes mellitus and GDM in a prior pregnancy, ethnicity, a history of macrocosmic babies, and polycystic ovarian syndrome are common risk factors for GDM. We aimed to determine risk factors for gestational diabetes mellitus in expectant mothers who are receiving prenatal care visits at Kafr Saqr Family Health District. Methods: This case-control study was carried out at the Kafr Saqr family health clinics, El Sharqia Governorate, Egypt on 176 pregnant women in their third trimester, 88 of whom had been diagnosed with GDM (case group) and 88 of whom were in good health (control group). Obstetric risk factors were assessed. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used to measure physical activity, while the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) nutrition checklist was utilized to assess food. Results: GDM was found to have multiple significant independent variables by the regression analysis. The biggest predictor was poor dietary quality, which was followed by smoking, having a history of preeclampsia, having higher parity, and being heavier. Conclusion: GDM is significantly correlated with several clinical, obstetric, and lifestyle risk factors. Pregnant women with GDM demonstrated higher rates of obesity, smoking, hypertension, preeclampsia, cesarean sections, large-sized infants, and diabetes in the family, reduced levels of physical activity and poor dietary habits. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Gestational diabetes; risk factors; lifestyle | ||||
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