Nanoparticles as a Novel Strategy for Controlling Lernaeosis in the Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio) | ||||
| Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries | ||||
| Article 86, Volume 29, Issue 4, July and August 2025, Page 1541-1568 PDF (1.17 MB) | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/ejabf.2025.443718 | ||||
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| Author | ||||
| Edrees et al. | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| Parasitic diseases, particularly those caused by Lernaea cyprinacea, continue to pose a significant challenge to freshwater aquaculture, especially in developing countries, leading to substantial economic losses and impacting fish health and productivity. The present study aimed to develop and evaluate a novel therapeutic approach using zinc–aluminum layered double hydroxide nanocarriers loaded with curcumin (Zn Al LDH-nanocurcumin; ZALDH-NC) to combat L. cyprinacea infestations in Cyprinus carpio fingerlings. A total of 120 infected fish were divided into four groups and treated with commercial curcumin, Zn Al LDH, Zn Al LDH-nanocurcumin, or left untreated as a control. The nanocurcumin formulation (ZALDH-NC) was synthesized and characterized using FTIR, XRD, SEM, and zeta potential analysis to confirm structural integrity and stability. The treated group receiving ZALDH-NC showed a significant reduction in parasite burden compared to other treatments, indicating potent anti-copepod activity. Antioxidant and stress biomarkers, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC), were significantly improved in the ZALDH-NC group, reflecting a strong oxidative stress response. Additionally, gene expression analyses of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and TNF-α) showed marked upregulation in the ZALDH-NC-treated group, suggesting enhanced immunostimulatory effects. Histopathological evaluation further supported these findings by showing minimal tissue damage and inflammatory infiltration in treated fish compared to the untreated control. These findings demonstrate that Zn Al LDH-nanocurcumin offers improved bioavailability, targeted delivery, and enhanced therapeutic efficacy compared to conventional treatments. Nanocurcumin presents a promising strategy for managing parasitic infections in aquaculture and could contribute significantly to improving fish welfare, production efficiency, and sustainable disease control in aquaculture. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Lernaea cyprinacea; Cyprinus carpio; Nanotechnology; Control; Immunological response | ||||
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