Chemical characterization and evaluation of biological activities of exopolysaccharides extracted from Enterococcus faecalis in vitro and in vivo | ||||
| Microbes and Infectious Diseases | ||||
| Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 26 July 2025 | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/mid.2025.397308.2944 | ||||
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| Authors | ||||
Moslim Mohsin Khalaf1; Haider S Abdulhusein   2; Sarah A. Al-khafaji3
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| 1Shatrah University, Nasiriyah, Iraq | ||||
| 2Department of Microbiology, College of Veterinary of Medicine, Shatrah University, Iraq | ||||
| 3Department of Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Al-Muthana University, Iraq | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| Background: Bacterial exopolysaccharides (EPSs) have distinct structures and features; hence, they are used in different scientific, industrial, medical, and technological sectors. This study aims to extract EPSs from E. faecalis, investigate their chemical structures and biological activities, and study their effect on hematological parameters, bleeding, and clotting time. Methods: Fourier-transform infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) were applied to analyze chemical composition of the EPSs; their antibacterial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative isolates was conducted by agar diffusion method, and their anticancer activity and cytotoxicity were evaluated against the breast cancer cell line (MCF-7 cell line) and the human hepatic cell line (WRL-68 cell line), respectively. Then, the hematological parameters were tested by using a complete blood count (CBC). Finally, the bleeding time was measured using the IVY method, and the clotting time was measured using the Lee and White method. Results: The results revealed that the extracted EPSs have carboxyl, hydroxyl, and amide groups corresponding to a typical polysaccharide. Its antibacterial activity was more effective against gram-positive bacteria, ranging from 150 to 200 mg/ml. Especially against Lactobacillus spp.; in contrast, their effect was less against gram-negative bacteria at 150 and 200 mg/ml, especially against E.coli. Conclusion: The anticancer activity of EPSs exhibited the IC50 value against MCF-7 was 98.9 µg/mL, and at the same time, the cell viability at the highest concentration of EPS (400 µg/ml) was 30.35 %. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Exopolysaccharides (EPSs); FTIR; NMR; and MCF-7 cell line | ||||
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