Morphometric Characterization of Normal and Dysplastic Canine Coxofemoral Joint Using Bone Specimens, 3D Printed Models, Radiography, and Computed Tomography | ||
| Egyptian Journal of Veterinary Sciences | ||
| Articles in Press, Corrected Proof, Available Online from 28 July 2025 PDF (1.15 M) | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/ejvs.2025.373388.2764 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Maryam E Gebriel* 1; Mariam Fayez Farid2; Ayman Mostafa3; Menna Nahla3; Ayman Tolba2; Nora Shaker4; Yara Sayed Abouelela2; Nawal Noor4 | ||
| 1Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt. | ||
| 2Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University | ||
| 3Department of Small Animal Surgery and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University | ||
| 4Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt | ||
| Abstract | ||
| The present study aimed to morphometrically characterize normal and dysplastic canine coxofemoral joints using bone specimens, digital X-rays, and computed tomography. Moreover, the study provided a substitute teaching strategy using three dimentional 3D-printed models of a canine coxofemoral joint. Four mixed-breed dogs with and without hip dysplasia were euthanized for reasons unrelated to the study to prepare coxofemoral bone specimens. The bone specimens were scanned to create 3D-printed models resembling the actual canine coxofemoral articulation. Extended ventrodorsally VD pelvic radiographs of German Shepherds with and without hip dysplasia were retrieved. The Norberg angle, Centre-edge angle, and dorsal acetabular femoral head coverage width and area indices were then measured. Mean±SD and 95% CI values were calculated for selected parameters. A P-value<0.05 indicated a significant difference. A computed tomography CT scan was carried out on two German Shepherd dogs to illustrate the normal & dysplastic CT anatomy of a canine hip joint. The 3D-printed model was consistent with the corresponding bone specimens. Normal coxofemoral joint was smoothly margined with deep acetabulum and hemispherical femoral head; however, the dysplastic joint showed a shallow acetabular fossa and a deformed femoral head with osseous proliferation. A total of 52 German Shepherd pelvic radiographs with normal (n= 17) and dysplastic (n= 35) hip joints met the inclusion criteria. In healthy dogs, means Norberg and Centre-edge angles were 107.7o and 26.8o; whereas dorsal acetabular femoral head coverage area and width indices were 54 % and 53 %, respectively. Radiographic assessment of canine coxofemoral conformation may assist in excluding dysplastic patients from breeding. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Morphometric criteria; Dysplastic Coxofemoral; Radiography; 3D Printed models; Computed Tomography | ||
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