EVALUATING THE COST AND BENEFIT OF ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS TO COMBAT THE PHENOMENON OF INTERNATIONAL TERRORISM AN ANALYTICAL STUDY OF SOME BORDER GOVERNORATES IN THE ARAB REPUBLIC OF EGYPT | ||
| Journal of Environmental Science | ||
| Volume 54, Issue 9, September 2025, Pages 2476-2504 PDF (899.3 K) | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/jes.2025.367749.1987 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Tariq H. H. H. Al-Malh* 1; Mahmoud M. A. Sobh2; Hoda I. Hilal1; Montaser A. Abdel Aziz3 | ||
| 1Faculty of Graduate Studies and Environmental Research, Ain Shams University | ||
| 2Faculty of Commerce, Ain Shams University | ||
| 3Police Academy | ||
| Abstract | ||
| The aim of the research was to evaluate the cost and return of economic and environmental development programs to combat the phenomenon of international terrorism in the governorates of North and South Sinai, and also to reveal the efforts and strategies of the Egyptian state in combating terrorism and reducing its negative effects. To achieve the objectives of the study, a survey list was designed to collect primary data from the study sample through personal interviews; The research community and sample included academic professors in economic and environmental sciences, some experts in development projects, and some experts in the security field. The study used the inductive and deductive approach to complete the study. The study also used appropriate statistical measures to test the validity of the hypotheses and answer the study questions. The results of the study showed that there is a statistically significant correlation between the process of evaluating economic and environmental development projects and determining their cost and return within the governorates of North and South Sinai. The results also showed that there is a statistically significant positive correlation between economic development programs and projects and reducing the phenomenon of international terrorism. The results also showed that there is a statistically significant positive correlation between the dimensions of environmental development programs and projects and reducing the phenomenon of international terrorism within the governorates of North and South Sinai. In light of the results reached by the study, several recommendations were made, the most important of which are: working on conducting a comprehensive evaluation of the cost of economic and environmental projects that were implemented to determine their economic and environmental return, and also using indicators based on accurate scientific activities to determine the actual costs and returns of development projects that were implemented to determine strengths and weaknesses. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Cost and return; economic development projects; environmental development projects; phenomenon of international terrorism | ||
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