The use Citrullus colocynthis in treatment paper from fungi deterioration :" application on paper Manuscript from the Mamlukʼs period". | ||||
| التاريخ والمستقبل | ||||
| Article 2, Volume 39, Issue 78, July 2025 | ||||
| Document Type: المقالة الأصلية | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/hfj.2025.388122.1211 | ||||
 View on SCiNiTO | ||||
| Authors | ||||
رحاب ثابت  1; heba kenawy2
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| 1كلية الفنون الجميلة | ||||
| 2minia | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| This research aims to treat paper manuscripts from fungal damage by using Citrullus colocynthis extract as a natural material that is environmentally friendly, safe to use on manuscripts, and effective in inhibiting the growth of microorganisms. The use of Citrullus colocynthis in treating fungal damage was evaluated through various tests and analyses. Fungi were isolated from historical manuscript dating back to the Mamlukʼs period, grown, and identified for cultivation on experimental paper to cause fungal damage that could be studied and treated, given the destructive effect of this fungal growth on the mechanical properties of paper manuscripts, in addition to the change in their original appearance caused by fungal growth. Microbiological examination and light microscopy showed that Aspergillus niger and Penicillium fungi are among the most common microbes that infect historical manuscripts. Electron microscopy revealed the morphological change in experimental paper fibers because of the fungal influence, and the extent of Citrullus colocynthis success in treating experimental paper samples from fungi isolated from the historical manuscript. Other analytical techniques used in the research, such as FTIR analysis, measuring tensile strength and elongation, showed the extent of Citrullus colocynthis success at a 100% concentration in treating experimental paper samples from fungi isolated from the historical manuscript. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Aspergillus niger; Penicillium; Citrullus colocynthis | ||||
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