"التأييد الإلهي للمقام المحمدي وتشرُّف أمهات المؤمنين به وطهارتهنّ في سورة الأحزاب: دراسة بلاغية" | ||||
| مجلة کلية اللغة العربية بالمنصورة | ||||
| Volume 44, Issue 1, June 2025, Page 479-519 PDF (1.02 MB) | ||||
| Document Type: المقالة الأصلية | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/jflm.2025.445267 | ||||
 View on SCiNiTO | ||||
| Author | ||||
| عواطف بنت حمزة خياط | ||||
| ـ كلية اللغة العربية ـ جامعة أم القرى ـ مكة المكرمة ـ السعودية . | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| الملخص: يهدف البحث إعلاء مقام أمهات المؤمنين ورفيع مكانتهنّ ردًّا على من يستنقص من قدرهن ويطعن في شرفهن، من بعض المغرضين من أدعياء التشيع، باستجلاء الآيات الكريمة من سورة الأحزاب التي خاطبتهن مباشرة ووجهت لهن الوصايا والتعليمات -عليهن رضوان الله-، في مواقف من حياتهن الزوجية الخاصة مع رسول الله ﷺ في صورة العتاب. وأظهرت وأعلَت مكانة رسول الله ﷺ وما له من الجاه والمنزلة عند مولاه، وتأييده وموالاته له حتى مع أقرب الناس إليه. ومحاولة التَّدَسُّس في هذه النصوص واستشفاف ما فيها من المعاني ودلالات تراكيبها وأسرار نظمها، وما بُني عليها وعُطِف، من جُملٍ سابقة أو لاحقة للإنصات إلى ما يخص علوم البلاغة وأساليبها ووجهاتها في استقراء دلالات المعاني وتلوّن إيحاءاتها؛ ما أعلى قدرهن، واستجلت مكانتهن عند الله ورسوله ﷺ، كقوله: (لستن كأحد من النساء)، (ولا يحزن ويرضين بما آتيتهن كلهن)، (إنما يريد الله ليذهب عنكم الرجس أهل البيت). وعلو مكانتهن وطُهرهن وتطهيرهن -عليهن رضوان الله-؛ إعلاء للمقام المحمدي، وما له صلى الله عليه وسلم عند الله من المنزلة والجاه؛ فلا يختار له ربه بعلمه إلا مَن هُنّ أهل لجواره وقربه وخدمته وإسعاده. والذَّبِّ عنه ﷺ في حُرمه وما اختاره واصطفاه الله له منهن في القرب والطهر، وكلهن مشرّفات مطهّرات. وقد نهجتُ منهج عبدالقاهر الجرجاني في تتبعه دلالات التراكيب وتحليلها، في نظريته نظرية النَّظم في القرآن الكريم. وشمل البحث ثلاثة مباحث: المبحث الأول: آيات التخيير والوصايا الإلهية لأمهات المؤمنين -رضي الله عنهن-. المبحث الثاني: آيات تزويج زينب بنت جحش للنبي ﷺ، وإبطال عادة التبني. المبحث الثالث: آيات الحلال من النساء للنبي ﷺ، ورفع الحرج عنه فيما قرَّب أو بعَّد منهنّ. ونتَج البحث إلى: رفعة مقام النبي ﷺ وتأييد الله تعالى له، وموالاته إياه، مع أخصّ الناس له؛ أزواجه ﷺ. وثبوت الطُّهر والتطهُّر لأمهات المؤمنين -رضي الله عنهن- (إنما يريد الله ليُذهب عنكم الرجس أهل البيت ويطهركم تطهيرا).كما نفى شبههن ببقاء النساء من عامة الأمة، فهُنَّ الأفضل؛ دخولهن في مقصود (أهل البيت)؛ لأنهن الساكنات فيه؛ استمرار نفي الرجس عنهن وتطهيرهن بدلالة الفعل المضارع والمصدر (ويطهركم تطهيرا). Abstract: The aim of this research is to elevate the status and high rank of the Mothers of the Believers, in response to those who seek to undermine their honor and cast aspersions on them from some who claim an affiliation with Shiism. This is achieved by exploring the noble verses from Surah Al-Ahzab, which directly addressed them and presented divine instructions and admonitions — may Allah be pleased with them — in the context of their private marital lives with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, in a tone of what appears as a reproach. These verses also revealed and exalted the esteemed position of the Prophet ﷺ and his status before his Lord, and affirmed Allah’s support and allegiance to him even over those closest to him. The research seeks to delve into these texts, to uncover their meanings, structural implications, and the rhetorical subtleties and miraculous organization of their language. This includes examining related or adjacent statements that highlight aspects of rhetoric and stylistic nuances, leading to a deeper understanding of their implications — all of which serve to elevate the status of the Mothers of the Believers and reveal their standing with Allah and His Messenger ﷺ. Examples include Allah’s words: “You are not like any other women,” “They will not be grieved and will be satisfied what you have given them all,” and “Indeed, Allah desires to remove impurity from you, O People of the Household.” Their elevated status, purity, and excellence — may Allah be pleased with them — reflect the exalted status of the Prophet ﷺ and his honored rank with Allah. Allah, in His infinite knowledge, would not choose for His Prophet ﷺ anyone except those who are worthy of closeness and companionship, and are fitting to serve and be sources of joy for him. Thus, defending him ﷺ in regard to his household and those chosen and purified by Allah to be close to him becomes essential. All of his wives are honored and purified. In this research, I adopted the methodology of ‘Abd al-Qāhir al-Jurjānī in his exploration of the meanings of sentence structures and his theory of naẓm (arrangement) in the Qur’an. The study comprises three sections: First Section: Verses that indicate the divine selection of and commandments to the Mothers of the Believers — may Allah be pleased with them. Second Section: Verses regarding the marriage of Zaynab bint Jaḥsh to the Prophet ﷺ, and the abolition of the pre-Islamic custom of adoption. Third Section: Verses on what is lawful to the Prophet ﷺ of marrying women, and the rejection of any critique concerning who he chose to bring closer or distance from him. The research concludes with affirming: The exalted rank of the Prophet ﷺ and Allah’s support and allegiance to him, even in matters involving his closest relations: his wives ﷺ. The confirmed purity and sanctity of the Mothers of the Believers — may Allah be pleased with them — as indicated in the verse: “Indeed, Allah desires to remove impurity from you, O People of the Household, and purify you completely.” The disassociation of their likeness from that of ordinary women of the Ummah; they are the best among women, Their being included in the intended meaning of Ahl al-Bayt (People of the Household), since they were the ones residing in his homes. The ongoing removal of impurity from them and their purification, indicated by the use of the present tense verb and the verbal noun (ويطهركم تطهيرا — "and continuously purify you completely"). | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| أمهات المؤمنين; التأييد; المقام المحمدي; الطهارة; سورة الأحزاب Mothers of the Believers - Support - Muhammadan status - Purity - Surat Al-Ahzab | ||||
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