Effective Removal Of Iron, Lead, And Zinc Ions From Wastewater Using Maghara Coal-Based Activated Carbon | ||||
| Egyptian Journal of Chemistry | ||||
| Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 04 August 2025 | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/ejchem.2025.379491.11659 | ||||
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| Authors | ||||
Ahmed AbdelAziz Melegy 1; Sheta Mohamed Sheta2; Hussein Metwally3; Ismael Sayed Ismael4; Randa Osman  5; Hassan Ibrahiem Farhat6
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| 1Geological Sciences, inorganic division and mineral resources, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt | ||||
| 2National Research Centre, 30 El-Tahrir Street | ||||
| 3Geological Sciences Department, Division of inorganic chemistry and mineral resourses, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt | ||||
| 4Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez, Suez University, Egypt | ||||
| 5National Research Centre | ||||
| 6Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez University, Suez,41522, Egypt | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| Pollution from heavy metals poses a major threat to the environment. These elements can be easily absorbed by plants and marine organisms, enter the human food chain and pose a serious health risk. Consequently, remediating heavy metal contamination in freshwater and wastewater is both an economic and environmental priority. This study focuses on the use of an adsorbent based on Egyptian Maghara coal to remediate zinc, iron, and lead ions from polluted water. Maghara coal-based activated carbon was physically activated and characterized by BET, FT-IR, SEM, and EDX analyses. The effects of metal ion concentration, pH, and contact time on the removal process of zinc, iron, and lead ions from polluted water was studied. In addition, the kinetic and isotherm parameters of the removal process were studied to explore the potential for scaling up this technique toward commercialization. The results show that the pH level and higher initial concentrations of metal ions improve both the capacity and rate of removal of zinc, iron, and lead ions from polluted water. The maximum loading capacity of Fe, Pb, and Zn ions was achieved at pH 4, 6, and 6, respectively. The maximum loading capacity of Fe, Pb, and Zn ions was 58.2, 96.6, and 73.8 mg/g, respectively. The Maghara coal-based activated carbon facilitates the removal of metal ions by endothermic and spontaneous physio-chemical adsorption reactions. The adsorbent exhibits a high adsorption efficiency of 87.6-93.8% for metal ions adsorption from various samples. These findings demonstrate the studied Maghara coal-based activated carbons' strong affinity for zinc, iron, and lead ion adsorption across different media. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Adsorption; Egyptian Maghara coal; Heavy metals; Polluted water; Potentially toxic elements; Removal | ||||
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