Effect of Panicum maximum Plant on Growth Criteria of Cyprinus carpio Fish | ||||
| Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries | ||||
| Article 138, Volume 29, Issue 4, July and August 2025, Page 2581-2593 PDF (422.34 K) | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/ejabf.2025.446050 | ||||
 View on SCiNiTO | ||||
| Authors | ||||
Noor Mohmed; Sadiq Muhammed
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| Abstract | ||||
| Aquaculture is considered an important source of protein-rich food, particularly in light of global food shortages and the growing human population. Globally, Cyprinus carpio (common carp) is among the most widely cultivated species in freshwater aquaculture systems. For optimal growth within a short period, fish require a high-quality, nutritionally balanced diet. The aim of this study was to evaluate the replacement of conventional carbohydrate sources in fish feed—barley, yellow corn, and wheat bran—with Panicum maximum powder at substitution levels of 25%, 50%, and 75%. Panicum maximum is a perennial herbaceous plant commonly used in livestock feed. This study focused on its impact on the chemical composition of the formulated feeds and its effect on the growth performance of experimental fish. Statistical analysis of feed composition showed significant differences (P≤ 0.05) among treatments for protein, fat, and carbohydrate contents. Ash content also differed significantly among feed types (P≤ 0.05), although the control (C) and the 25% replacement group (T1) did not show a statistically significant difference. The study found slight variations in the chemical composition of the fish feeds due to the replacement of carbohydrate sources with Panicum maximum. In terms of growth performance, the highest total body weight was observed in the control group (C), which reached 20.589 ± 2.719 g, while the lowest was recorded in the 75% replacement group (T3) at 12.970 ± 1.069 g. The highest daily growth rate was also in the control group (0.294 ± 0.039 g/day), and the lowest was in T3 (0.185 ± 0.015 g/day). The highest relative weight gain was recorded in the control (70.335 ± 8.732), while T3 had the lowest (43.206 ± 4.085). For the specific growth rate, the control group again had the highest value (0.759 ± 0.072%/g), and T3 the lowest (0.512 ± 0.040%/g). In conclusion, the study suggests that while Panicum maximum can serve as a partial replacement for carbohydrate sources in fish feed, it is essential to determine the optimal substitution level that does not adversely affect fish growth performance. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Cyprinus carpio; Fish meal; Growth; Panicum maximum; Weight | ||||
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