In Vitro and In Vivo application of bacteria crude Biosurfactant: A novel approach for antimicrobial-resistant genital tract infections in rabbits | ||||
| Microbes and Infectious Diseases | ||||
| Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 06 August 2025 | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/mid.2025.400649.2987 | ||||
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| Authors | ||||
Neshtiman A. Abbas  1; Mouruj A. Alaubydi2
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| 1College of Medicine, University of Kirkuk, Kirkuk, Iraq | ||||
| 2Department of Biotechnology, College of Sciences, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| Background: Antimicrobial resistance is a major obstacle to the successful resolution of genital tract infections, and new treatment methods need to be derived. Naturally produced amphiphilic compounds known as biosurfactants produced by microorganisms have also been attributed as prospective alternatives, owing to their efficacy against multi-drug resistant microorganisms and decreased chances of developing resistance. Objectives: The experiment tested the antimicrobial potential of a crude extract of Escherichia coli-producing biosurfactant against common urogenital pathogens and compared the therapeutic effect with regard to treating genital tract infections with antimicrobial resistance in a rabbit challenge model. Methods: The antimicrobial effect of the E. coli biosurfactant was prepared on agar well diffusion method against Staphylococcus aureus, pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Candida albicans at concentrations 25, 50, 75 and 100 mg/mL. A comparison of biosurfactant therapy with a commercial antimicrobial cream was done in in vivo efficacy and a combination therapy after induction of vaginal infection of P. aeruginosa in female rabbits. Results: The biosurfactant showed concentration-dependent antimicrobial efficacy against all the pathogens studied with the highest inhibition zones equal to 18 1.7 mm (P. aeruginosa), 17 1.6 mm (K. pneumoniae), 16 1.5 mm (S. aureus), and 12 1.1 mm (C. albicans) at 100 mg/mL. An in vivo study showed significantly high therapeutic advantage, where E. coli biosurfactant could fully clear all bacteria in 24 hours unlike 30 percent clearance by the commercial treatment after 96 hours. Combination therapy portrayed a synergistic effect with clinical recovery being superb. Conclusion: E. coli biosurfactant can play the role of an optimal therapeutic strategy against resistant genital tract infections that requires little time in the eradication of the bacteria and has higher efficacy than regular approaches to make it an ideal product to be developed clinically. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Biosurfactant; Escherichia coli; Antimicrobial resistance; Genital tract infections; Pseudomonas aeruginosa | ||||
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