التأصيل الكلامي لقضية الألوهية في الفكر الأشعري The Theological Foundations of the Issue of Divinity in Ash'ari Thought | ||||
| الدراية | ||||
| Volume 24, Issue 28, July 2025, Page 491-594 PDF (2.3 MB) | ||||
| Document Type: المقالة الأصلية | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/drya.2025.447417 | ||||
 View on SCiNiTO | ||||
| Author | ||||
عبدالسلام إبراهيم السيد شرف الدين 
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| قسم العقيدة والفلسفة، كلية أصول الدين والدعوة الإسلامية بالمنوفية ، شبين الكوم، جامعة الأزهر الشريف، جمهورية مصر العربية. | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| يمثل الفكر الأشعري حلقةً في سلسلةٍ فكريةٍ مترابطةٍ تضرب بجذورها في أغوار الفكر الإسلامي منذ عصر الصحابة والتابعين، ومن سمات هذا الفكر وأدق خصائصه الوسطية، فاستقى المذهب الأشعري هذه الوسطية وتشربها فكراً ومنهجاً، حتى أضحت مَعلماً من أهم معالمه. الهدف: يهدف هذا البحث إلى إبراز وسطية المذهب الأشعري من خلال تأصيل قضية الألوهية في النسق الفكري لهذا المذهب، وبيان سيرها على منهج الوسطية المتصلة بسلف الأمة، فعالجها بمناهج عقلية تتلائم مع المعطيات الفكرية وتتسق مع الأيديولجيات التي كانت سائدة في عصرهم. المنهج المتبع في البحث: المنهج التاريخي - المنهج التحليلي - المنهج المقارن - المنهج الاستدلالي - المنهج الاستنباطي. أبرز النتائج: أولا: الأشاعرة يشكلون أكثر طوائف الأمة، وقد أخذ هذا المذهب على عاتقه أن يدافع عن العقيدة وما يثار حولها من شبهات وما يحاك ضد الدين من مؤامرات. ثانيا: التفويض والتأويل كلاهما كانا منهجين معتمدين لدى السلف والخلف، أما استعمالاتها قلةً وكثرةً إنما كانت بحسب الدواعي والأسباب. التوصيات:تُعنى هذه الدراسة بإبراز التلاقي والتقارب بين السلف والخلف في بعض مسائل الألوهية، وثمة مسائل كثيرة تُشكل موطنا للتلاقي والتقارب بينهما في مباحث النبوة ومباحث السمعيات، وبناءً عليه فإنا نوصي بدراسة هذه المسائل والقضايا في مظانها البحثية. Abstract: Ash'ari thought represents a link in an interconnected intellectual chain whose roots extend deep into the depths of Islamic thought since the era of the Companions and their Followers. One of the hallmarks and most subtle characteristics of this thought is moderation. The Ash'ari school of thought has drawn on this moderation and absorbed it as both its thought and methodology, until it became one of its most important features. Objective:This research aims to highlight the moderation of the Ash'ari school of thought by rooting the issue of divinity within its intellectual framework and demonstrating its adherence to the method of moderation connected to the early Muslims. It addresses this issue using rational approaches that are compatible with the intellectual realms and consistent with the ideologies prevalent in their era. The research methodology: Historical methodology - Analytical methodology - Comparative methodology - Deductive methodology - Deductive methodology. Prominent Findings: First: The Ash'aris constitute the largest sect in the Ummah, and this school has taken it upon itself to defend the faith and the suspicions raised about it and the conspiracies hatched against it. Second: Delegation and interpretation were both approved approaches by both the early Muslims and the later Muslims. Their uses, whether few or many, were based on motives and reasons. Fifth: Recommendations: This study aims to highlight the convergence and rapprochement between the early Muslims and the later Muslims on some issues of divinity. There are many issues that constitute a source of convergence and rapprochement between them in the discussions of prophecy and the discussions of the hadiths. Accordingly, we recommend studying these issues and matters in their appropriate research context. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| التأصيل، علم الكلام، الألوهية، الفكر الأشعري. Authentication; Theology; Divinity; Ash'ari thought | ||||
| References | ||||
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