Reduced Lutein Levels in Elderly Type 2 Diabetics: Implications for Diabetic Kidney Disease Risk | ||||
| Zagazig University Medical Journal | ||||
| Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 14 August 2025 | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/zumj.2025.395443.4009 | ||||
 View on SCiNiTO | ||||
| Authors | ||||
Hamed Abdelaziz Deraz Nasr1; Atef Goda Hussein2; Sara Ibrahem Mohamed Selim  3; Alshabrawy. M. Abdelnabi4
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| 1Professor of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine - Zagazig University, | ||||
| 2Professor of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine - Zagazig University | ||||
| 3Resident of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine - Zagazig University | ||||
| 4Assistant Professor of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine - Zagazig University, | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is considered a widespread metabolic condition associated with morbidity, particularly when complicated by diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Lutein, a natural carotenoid with antioxidant anti-inflammatory properties. The purpose of this work was to evaluate serum lutein levels among elderly T2DM cases to investigate its relationship with diabetic kidney disease relevant metabolic parameters. Methods: We carried out this case-control study on 63 elderly participants categorized into three groups: healthy controls, T2DM patients without DKD, T2DM patients with DKD (21 subjects per group). Clinical data, anthropometric measurements, laboratory tests, involving fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, renal liver function tests, lipid profile, serum lutein were collected. performance. Results: Serum lutein levels differed significantly among groups (F = 128.237, p < 0.001). Post hoc analysis showed lower levels in both diabetic groups vs. controls (p1 < 0.001, p2 < 0.001), and in DKD vs. Non-DKD (p3 = 0.002). Levels were lowest in DKD group, followed by non-DKD, highest in controls. Serum lutein demonstrated high diagnostic accuracy for diabetes. A cutoff ≤0.515 μmol/L identified diabetes without DKD with 95.2% sensitivity, 90.5% specificity, 92.9% accuracy (AUC = 0.988, p < 0.001). For DKD, cutoff ≤0.36 μmol/L showed 95.2% sensitivity, 81% specificity, 85.7% accuracy (AUC = 0.961, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Serum lutein levels were significantly reduced in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes, especially those with diabetic kidney disease. Its strong association with glycemic renal markers suggests that lutein may serve as a useful indicator for early renal involvement in this population | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Serum Lutein; Diabetic Kidney Disease; Biomarker; Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus; Elderly | ||||
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