The role of Epstein-Barr virus and some immunological parameters of multiple sclerosis in Iraqi patients | ||
| Microbial Biosystems | ||
| Article 25, Volume 10, Issue 3, September 2025, Pages 185-194 PDF (523.91 K) | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/mb.2025.367781.1269 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Jumana A. Thabit* ; Rana S. Aboud | ||
| Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq. | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Multiple sclerosis (MS) is autoimmune neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative disease that infected and destroyed the central nerves system (CNS). Many variables influence start of multiple sclerosis disease. MS was thought to be caused by virus infection, particularly infection with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and other viruses. Sixty blood samples (the number of samples not standardized for patients and the control group because when the control number = 20 statistically it is acceptable and also to take into account the economic cost) were collected from patients with (MS) ranging in age from 18-75 years. The medical personnel of Dr. Saad Al-Witry Neurosciences hospital provided diagnoses for these patients. Thirty-five specimens of apparently healthy individuals were studied as a control group (criteria were used to select the control group, outwardly healthy people do not suffer from MS or any other autoimmune disease). All the studied groups were carried out to measure the level of EBV-CA IgG Ab and EBV-NA IgG Ab and some immunological parameters, IL-10, IL-32, and neurofilament light chain (NfL), by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. The results showed that EBV-NA was positive in 100% (60/60) of the cases, EBV-CA was positive in 100% (60/60), IL-32 was positive in 98.33% (59/60), while IL-10 was positive in 0% (0/60). Neurofilament light chain (NfL) was positive in 100% (60/60) of the cases. The statistical analysis shows a highly significant difference (p<0.01) in the level of anti-EBV IgG Ab (EBV-CA and EBV-NA) in the sera of patients with MS and EBV compared to control groups. Also, the statistical analysis shows highly significant differences (p<0.01) in the level of (IL-10 and IL-32) in sera of patients with MS and EBV compared to the control group. A highly significant difference (p<0.01) was shown in the level of neurofilament light chain (NfL) in the sera of patients with MS and EBV compared to the control group. It can be concluded by the present study that EBV plays an important role as a trigger factor for multiple sclerosis. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Immunology; interleukin-10; interleukin-32; neurofilament light chain (Nf); Virus | ||
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