Effect of Nutritional Education Program Based on Social Cognitive Theory on Sodium Intake among Housewives | ||||
| Minia Scientific Nursing Journal | ||||
| Volume 018, Issue 1, December 2025, Page 2-14 PDF (533.11 K) | ||||
| Document Type: Original articles | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/msnj.2025.413240.1186 | ||||
 View on SCiNiTO | ||||
| Authors | ||||
Shimaa Abd Elrazek Younis Bakheet1; Asmaa Mustafa Fawzy1; Manar D. Mohammed  2
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| 1Lecturer of Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing.Minia Univerisity | ||||
| 2Lecturer of Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Minia University | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| Background: Sodium is essential for normal physiological functioning in human being. Prolonged high salt intake increases the risk of hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. Aim: To assess the effect of nutritional education program based on Social Cognitive Theory on sodium intake among housewives. Methods: A quasi-experimental research design was conducted in four randomly selected villages in Minia district. Sampling: A systematic random sample of 133 housewives. Tools: Five data collection tools were used, reflecting the Social Cognitive Theory construct. Tool No. (1): assessed the sociodemographic characteristics and situational awareness related to salt reduction. Tool No. (2) assessed salt reduction's positive outcome expectations and barriers. Tool No. (3) assessed the cognition and self-efficacy of reducing sodium intake. Tool No. (4) and Tool No. (5) assessed the nutritional knowledge and dietary behaviors regarding sodium intake. Results: Post-intervention, situational awareness concerning salt reduction and the experience of low- sodium products increased. The advantages expected to decrease sodium intake increased, while the barriers decreased. All items of cognition and self-efficacy significantly improved post-intervention (p-value <0.001). All knowledge items significantly increased in correct responses post-intervention (p-value <0.001). Post-intervention, 70% had low-risk behavior related to salt consumption compared to 10% pre-intervention. Conclusion: Social Cognitive Theory based educational program was effective in enhancing situational awareness, expected positive consequences, cognition and self-efficacy related to salt reduction, while it decreased the related difficulties expected. Moreover, the intervention increased the level of knowledge and improved the behaviors related to salt intake. Recommendations: Engaging families in future studies can foster a supportive atmosphere at home to adjust sodium intake. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Keywords: Housewives; Nutritional Educational program; Social Cognitive Theory; Sodium intake | ||||
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