Evaluation of the effect of biosynthesized copper nanoparticles and ginger extract on cutaneous leishmaniasis phenotypically and molecularly. | ||||
| Microbes and Infectious Diseases | ||||
| Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 26 August 2025 | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/mid.2025.407658.3056 | ||||
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| Authors | ||||
Ban Jabbar Aziz Mohammed  ; Neama Ali Ibrahim
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| Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Kirkik, Kirkuk, Iraq | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| Background: Cutaneous leishmaniasis is the most common type of leishmaniasis disease and requires expensive treatment, the use of toxic medications, and painful treatment methods. Therfore, this study evaluates in vitro the biological and molecular effects of ginger extracts (aqueous and alcoholic) and copper nanoparticles prepared using green synthesis on Leishmaniasis causing parasites. Methods: A highly virulent isolate of (L. tropica) was used in this study. The isolate was treated with five different concentrations of (aqueous and alcoholic extracts of ginger and copper nanoparticles) for 72 hours in three stages. The cell count after treatment was measured using a hemocytometer to determine the cytotoxicity of the compounds used. The effect of these compounds on the CPA gene in resistant cells was also investigated by PCR technique. Results: The results showed that alcoholic extract of copper nanoparticles was more effective in inhibiting parasite growth and affecting the CPA gene, recording the highest gene inhibition rates of up to 60% after 72 hours. In contrast, the aqueous extract of copper particles showed good efficacy, but less than alcoholic one. Plant extracts, however, showed limited effect on the target gene, despite their ability to inhibit parasitic growth to varying degrees. Conclusion: the study concluded that ginger and copper nanoparticles can inhibit the growth and affect the vital genes of L. tropica, the cause of cutaneous leishmaniasis, and thus can be used as therapeutic alternatives for the disease. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Cutaneous Leishmaniasis; L. tropica; Copper Nanoparticles; Ginger Extract; Cytotoxicity | ||||
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