Biometric Relationships of the Bivalve Mactra stultorum and Bioactivities of Its Chitosan-Based Nanoparticles | ||||
| Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries | ||||
| Article 228, Volume 29, Issue 4, July and August 2025, Page 3157-3190 PDF (654.41 K) | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/ejabf.2025.449762 | ||||
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| Author | ||||
| Zakzok et al. | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| Marine bivalve molluscs represent a key functional group in marine ecosystems. In the present study, the shell morphology of Mactra stultorum (length, width, and height) was examined alongside the synthesis, characterization, and biological evaluation of its chitosan (CS) and CS–CuO nanocomposite. Both chitosan and CuO nanoparticles are known for their diverse biological effects. The CS–CuO nanocomposite was synthesized using a co-precipitation method and was characterized by infrared spectroscopy (IR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). IR spectra confirmed the loading of CS onto CuO, XRD analysis demonstrated the formation of monoclinic CuO nanoparticles, and TEM images revealed CuO quantum dots with an average size of ~5 nm. Biological assays showed that CS, CuO, and CS–CuO nanoparticles exhibited strong antiproliferative activities against several cancer cell lines. CS–CuO displayed the highest activity against HepG2 cells (IC₅₀ = 19.81 µg/mL), while CS showed superior activity against HCT-116 and MCF-7 cells (IC₅₀ = 14.71 and 21.27 µg/mL, respectively), as determined by MTT assay. Both CS and CS–CuO nanoparticles demonstrated marked antimicrobial activity (24–77%) against six different microorganisms. In addition, all tested compounds exhibited potent antioxidant effects in a dose-dependent manner, effectively scavenging DPPH and nitric oxide radicals and reducing ferric ions. Furthermore, CS and CS–CuO nanoparticles inhibited cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) activity, with inhibition rates of 61.27% and 52.31%, respectively, at 1.0mg/ mL. Overall, the findings highlight the potential bioactivity of chitosan and its nanocomposites derived from Mactra stultorum, suggesting promising applications in pharmaceutical and biomedical fields, while also reflecting potential non-ideal environmental conditions for this edible bivalve. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Mactra stultorum; Chitosan; Biometric; Anticancer; Antioxidants; Anti-inflammatory | ||||
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