Relationship between Interleukin 21 and Activation of Natural Killer cells in Iraqi patients with CML
Hmeed, E., Mtashar, B., Hameed, A., Ghiath, Y., Hussein, M., Hamed, R. (2025). Relationship between Interleukin 21 and Activation of Natural Killer cells in Iraqi patients with CML. EKB Journal Management System, 7(3), 472-481. doi: 10.21608/jmals.2025.450015
Elaf Zuhair Hmeed; Baan Abdulatif Mtashar; Aseel Majeed Hameed; Yusra Ghiath; Mohanad Salam Hussein; Roaa Mokram Hamed. "Relationship between Interleukin 21 and Activation of Natural Killer cells in Iraqi patients with CML". EKB Journal Management System, 7, 3, 2025, 472-481. doi: 10.21608/jmals.2025.450015
Hmeed, E., Mtashar, B., Hameed, A., Ghiath, Y., Hussein, M., Hamed, R. (2025). 'Relationship between Interleukin 21 and Activation of Natural Killer cells in Iraqi patients with CML', EKB Journal Management System, 7(3), pp. 472-481. doi: 10.21608/jmals.2025.450015
Hmeed, E., Mtashar, B., Hameed, A., Ghiath, Y., Hussein, M., Hamed, R. Relationship between Interleukin 21 and Activation of Natural Killer cells in Iraqi patients with CML. EKB Journal Management System, 2025; 7(3): 472-481. doi: 10.21608/jmals.2025.450015

Relationship between Interleukin 21 and Activation of Natural Killer cells in Iraqi patients with CML

Journal of Medical and Life Science
Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2025, Page 472-481  XML PDF (594.57 K)
Document Type: Original Article
DOI: 10.21608/jmals.2025.450015
View on SCiNiTO View on SCiNiTO
Authors
Elaf Zuhair Hmeed email 1; Baan Abdulatif Mtashar2; Aseel Majeed Hameed1; Yusra Ghiath1; Mohanad Salam Hussein1; Roaa Mokram Hamed1
1National center of hematology/ Mustansiriya university, Iraq
2Microbiology Department/ College of Medicine/ Mustansiriryah University, Iraq
Abstract
Background: CML is a persistent hematological malignancy, distinguished by aberrant white blood cell growth. It is caused by a genetic abnormality that leads to the uncontrolled production of a specific type of white blood cell called a chronic myeloid leukemia cell. Preclinical findings reveal that IL-15 and IL-21 have the potential capacity to enhance the activity of NK cells, which are important for killing cancer cells. Additionally, IL-21 may help to regulate the immune response in CML, potentially reducing the risk of complications associated with the disease.
Materials and Methods: Sixty-five Iraqi patients with CML were recruited from the Hematology Center in Baghdad. The participants who were on tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and those who had just received a diagnosis were split into two groups. There was also a control group of twenty-five healthy people. The study. The IL-21 estimation by Sandwich ELISA and NK subsets detection by Flowcytometry. Results: The study observed significant changes in natural killer cell subsets between CML patients and healthy controls with differences based on treatment status. IL-21 level showed no significant variation, suggesting it may not play a key role in CML.  While some NK cells subsets correlated with IL-21, the overall link with CD56 +CD 16 + NK cells was not statistically significant.
Keywords
NK cells; CML; interleukin 21; TKIs
Statistics
Article View: 34
PDF Download: 14