Factors Contributing to Pulmonary Complications Among Postoperative Open Heart Surgery Patients. | ||
| Alexandria Scientific Nursing Journal | ||
| Volume 27, Issue 3, September 2025, Pages 21-36 PDF (295.94 K) | ||
| Document Type: Research articles | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/asalexu.2025.450075 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Ibrahim Hassan Ibrahim El Adham* 1; Nadia Taha Mohamed Ahmed2; Bassem Adel Ramadan3; Haitham Mokhtar Mohamed Abdallah4 | ||
| 1Demonstrator Critical Care and Emergency Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Alexandria University | ||
| 2Professor Critical Care and Emergency Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Alexandria University | ||
| 3Assistant professor Cardiothoracic surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University | ||
| 4Lecturer of Critical Care and Emergency Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt Assistant Professor, Medical Surgical Nursing Department, College of Nursing, Jouf University, Sakaka, Al Jouf, Saudi Arabia | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Background: Open-heart surgery is critical for treating cardiovascular conditions like coronary artery disease, valve dysfunction, and congenital heart defects, but postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) remain a significant risk, leading to increased ICU stays and mortality rates. PPCs include complications such as atelectasis, pleural effusion, and pneumonia, influenced by preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative factors. Objective: To identify factors contributing to pulmonary complications among postoperative open heart surgery patients. Settings: This study was carried out in the cardiothoracic intensive care unit at Alexandria Main University Hospital and Sharq El Madina Hospital, Egypt. Subjects: A convenience sample of 100 adult post-open heart surgery patients from both genders and their ages ranged from 18 to 65 years, who were newly admitted to the previously mentioned CICUs. Tools: Two tools were utilized for data collection in this study, namely “Perioperative Assessment of Patients Undergoing Open-Heart Surgery’’ and “Postoperative Pulmonary Complications Assessment”. Results: The study showed that key preoperative factors were chronic heart failure and low hemoglobin levels, identifying significant risk factors for postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs). Intraoperative risks included prolonged surgery and higher anesthesia doses. Postoperative challenges involved prolonged immobility and extended ICU stays. Atelectasis was the most common PPC (84%), followed by pleural effusions (29%). Conclusion: Age, male gender, comorbidities, and smoking significantly influence postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs), with key risk factors including chronic heart failure, high CRP levels, and prolonged immobility. Recommendations: Critical care nurses should focus on optimizing preoperative health and ensuring effective postoperative care, including early mobilization, vigilant infection control, and rehabilitation. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| contributing factors; postoperative pulmonary complications; open heart surgery patients | ||
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