Genetic, Hormonal, and Cultural Determinants of Breast Cancer Risk Among Egyptian Women Under 50 Years | ||
| Tanta Scientific Nursing Journal | ||
| Volume 38, Issue 3, August 2025 PDF (815.67 K) | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/tsnj.2025.450343 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Eman Ramadan Bedair Dekhail1; Sunny Abdou Sallam2; Ali Abd El-Halim Hasab2 | ||
| 11Clinical Instructor, Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, University of Damanhour | ||
| 2Professor of Epidemiology, Epidemiology Department, High Institute of Public Health, University of Alexandria | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Background: Breast cancer is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally, with increasing incidence in women under 50 years, particularly in developing countries like Egypt. Objective: To investigate genetic, hormonal, and cultural determinants of breast cancer risk among Egyptian women under 50 years and to analyze their associations with socio-demographic, medical, reproductive, lifestyle, and psychosocial factors. Methods: A case-control study was conducted involving 103 breast cancer cases and 208 controls. Data were collected via expert-reviewed questionnaires and biochemical assessments of serum estradiol (E2) and oxytocin (OT) levels. Statistical analyses included chi square tests, t-tests, and logistic regression to identify significant risk factors and predictors. Results: Majority of BC cases (64.1%) were aged 41–49 years, with a mean age of 40.56 ± 6.65. Illiteracy and being a housewife were significantly associated with higher BC risk. Medical history such as hypertension, diabetes, bone ache, and hormonal treatment showed strong links to BC, especially hormonal therapy (OR=19.46). Logistic regression revealed oral contraceptive use (OR=20.00), family history (OR=18.47), smoking (OR=14.87), physical inactivity, and CYP17 gene polymorphism as major predictors. Psychosocial factors such as emotional dissatisfaction and low sexual satisfaction were also significant. Age and CYP19 polymorphism were not significant predictors. Conclusions: Breast cancer risk among Egyptian women under 50 is multifactorial, influenced by genetic predisposition, hormonal exposure, lifestyle, and psychosocial factors. Recommendations: Implement targeted educational programs on modifiable risk factors, integrate comprehensive risk assessments and address psychosocial well-being in prevention strategies | ||
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