The role of human papillomavirus and P16 protein in Iraqi women infected with breast cancer | ||
| Microbial Biosystems | ||
| Article 19, Volume 10, Issue 3, September 2025, Pages 142-149 PDF (512.32 K) | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/mb.2025.355691.1241 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Noor Sami AL- Lebawy* 1; Mouna Akeel Hamed1; Aws Z. Abdulkareem2 | ||
| 1College of Science, Al-Muthanna University, Iraq. | ||
| 2Science Department, College of Basic Education, University of Diyala, Iraq. | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Numerous research investigations have connected the emergence of a few human cancers to the human papillomavirus (HPV). Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent types of cancer in women everywhere; via rates of both death and incidence continuously growing. There may be a connection between HPV infection and a higher risk of breast cancer, according to recent studies. Evaluation of human papillomavirus 16 &18 prevalence in breast cancer tissue samples and its relationship with p16 protein expression level.In the present study, 80 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded breast tissue samples were examined. The samples included 40 pathological tissue samples containing breast cancer; besides 40 normal tissues samples that did not show any phenotypic changes as a control group. To detect the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) types 16 and 18, the highly sensitive In situ Hybridization (ISH) technique was used, while Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to analyze the gene expression level of p16 protein in breast cancer samples, as well as normal samples used as a control group.HPV-16 and HPV-18 positive reactions were detected using CISH in 37.5% of breast cancer samples (15 out of 40). On the contrary, no positive HPV-16 and HPV-18 reactions were detected in healthy breast tissues in the control group. The consequences also showed that 47.5% of breast cancer cases (19 out of 40) were positive for p16 protein reactions using IHC. The statistical analysis revealed a highly significant difference in the expression rates of p16 protein among breast cancer grade groups, with a P value of less than 0.001. The results of the present study reveal the prominent role of HPV types 16 and 18 in promoting the development of breast cancer in Iraqi women. In addition, the expression of p16 gene can be considered a potential prognostic indicator for this disease. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Breast carcinoma; HPV; IHC; ISH; p16 | ||
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