Impact of Tillage Depth and Agricultural Gypsum Application on Sorghum Yield , Water Use Efficiency, and Soil Chemical Properties in Toshka ,Egypt | ||||
| Alexandria Journal of Agricultural Sciences | ||||
| Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 07 September 2025 | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/alexja.2025.418846.1167 | ||||
 View on SCiNiTO | ||||
| Authors | ||||
Ashraf El Namas  1; Mahmoud Mohamed El-Sayed2; Aly Sayed Aly Abdel-Mawgoud2; Abdelhady khamis Abdelhalim3; Ahmed Hamdy Amin2
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| 1Soil and Water Sciences Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University | ||||
| 2Al-Azhar Univ., Assiut, Egypt | ||||
| 3Alex. Uni., Alexandria, Egypt | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| Field experiment was conducted during successive two growing seasons of 2020/2021 and 2021/2022, in non-saline soil, Toshka area, in order to investigate the effect of tillage depth((Surface tillage (ST) or Deep tillage (DT)) and agricultural gypsum application on Sorghum yield, water use efficiency, and soil chemical properties. The experiment was conducted using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) comprising four treatments and three replicates .Results indicated spectacular improvements of sorghum morphological and yield traits due to tillage and gypsum application. The DT+G treatment stimulated plant height by 7.35%, seed index by 44.23%, straw yield by 49.69%, and grain yield by 16.51% as compared to ST. Grain nitrogen content was the highest at 2.21% under DT+G, which reflects a 26.96% improvement, whereas the highest straw nitrogen content (1.25%)was achieved in ST+G treatment. Water use efficiency increased both due to deep tillage and the application of gypsum. Irrigation Water Productivity (IWP) was increased by 16.52% under ST+G to 0.34 kg m⁻³, while Crop Water Productivity (CWP) was increased by 18.65% under ST+G with a maximum of 0.47 kg m⁻³. At the same time, water consumptive use (CU) was reduced by 1.85% under DT+G, indicating improved water conservation.Available water content was increased by 36.90% (0–30 cm) and 17.97% (30–60 cm) by ST+G treatment compared to ST. In contrast, the field capacity and saturation percentages in gypsum treatments were elevated at a significant level. Also, the availability of nitrogen up to 13.70%, phosphorus 22.11%,and potassium 11.43% were increased to a significant level in treatment. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Sorghum; Tillage depth; Gypsum application; Soil moisture retention; Toshka | ||||
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