The influence of PO4 to Bio-silica catalyst on Synthesis Benign Additive Fuel | ||
| Egyptian Journal of Chemistry | ||
| Article 27, Volume 63, Issue 4, April 2020, Pages 1541-1553 PDF (1.98 M) | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/ejchem.2019.14728.1890 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Dalia Radwan1; Tamer Zaki1; H. M. Abd El Salam2; delvin Aman* 1 | ||
| 1Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute | ||
| 2Analysis and Evaluation Division, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute, Nasr City, PO Box 11727, Cairo, Egypt. | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Fuel additive solketal can be produced through acetalization reaction of biodiesel by-product (glycerol) and acetone. This reaction was conducted over acidified silica derived from sustainable bioresource rice husk in a batch reactor under the solvent-free condition. The chemical and structural properties of the prepared catalyst were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), N2 adsorption/desorption isotherms, temperature-programmed desorption of ammonia (NH3-TPD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Based on this paper, the optimized conditions using 15% phosphoric acid acidified silica extracted from rice husk ash (10 wt.% PO4 loaded SiO2) are 50 °C (lower temperature) with the molar ratio of acetone: glycerol= 2. Reusability test used to examine the stability of the catalytic activity was investigated. This effort is a serious step for development and taking apart of solketal as the main product from glycerol and acetone by using waste resources. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| silica; Acidic; Solketal; Renewable resources; rice husk; glycerol; Acetone | ||
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