Evaluation of Cinnamomum verum J. Presl (Cinnamon) Bark Extract-Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles Against Neuronal Diseases Caused by Chlorpyrifos | ||
| Egyptian Journal of Chemistry | ||
| Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 10 September 2025 | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/ejchem.2025.372607.11544 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Marwa M. Abd El kawy* 1; Magdy A. Shallan2; Emam A. Abd-El Rahim2; Yasmin E. Abd-El Rehim3; Ghada Z. A. Soliman4 | ||
| 1Nutritional needs and growth department, National Nutrition Institute, Cairo, Egypt | ||
| 2Biochemistry department, faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt | ||
| 3Pesticide department, faculty of agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt | ||
| 4Food Science Department, National Nutrition Institute, Cairo, Egypt | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Chlorpyrifos (CPS) is an organophosphorus insecticide that can cause brain diseases as Alzheimer's (AD) and Parkinson's (PD). Nature is a valuable and secure source of noninvasive remedies for common, severe illnesses. The study aimed to investigate the impact of cinnamon ethanolic extract (CE) and cinnamon extract-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (CECN) against CPS toxicity in rats. A significant increase in ALT, creatinine, nitric oxide, and butrylcholinesterase levels in positive control that orally received CPS 10 mg/kg b.w. While intoxicated rats treated with CE and CECN showed an improvement in ALT, creatinine, nitric oxide, and butrylcholinesterase levels compared with the positive control with P < 0.01. Furthermore, histological abnormalities were observed as neuronal necrosis with the formation of neurofibrillary tangles, neuronophagia of degenerated neurons, significant cellular edema, and vacuolization of neuropil at the cerebral cortex of the positive control rats. Meanwhile, the cerebral cortex of treated rats showed only degeneration of neurons and/or simple losses of sparse neurons compared to the negative control. Finally, the light microscopic examination showed necrosis of pyramidal neurons with the appearance of flame-shaped neurofibrillary tangles in the positive control rats. In contrast, the treated groups showed degeneration of some neurons and vacuolization of some neurons compared to the negative control. Overall, CE and CECN show effective results against the CPS toxicant, which suggested them as potential therapeutic neuroprotective agents. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Chitosan; Chlorpyrifos; Cinnamon; Neuronal; Rats | ||
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