Water Scarcity Review; Challenges and Future Prospects, A Case Study in Egypt | ||
| Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries | ||
| Volume 29, Issue 5, September and October 2025, Pages 317-339 PDF (685.6 K) | ||
| Document Type: Review articles | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/ejabf.2025.411306.6353 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Alaa I. Khedr* 1; Hala Elshahat Ghannam1; Abdelrahman Talab2 | ||
| 1National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, (NIOF), Cairo, Egypt | ||
| 2National Insitute of Oceanography and Fisheries, NIOF, Cairo, Egypt | ||
| Abstract | ||
| A major global challenge is ensuring access to clean drinking water as freshwater resources become increasingly scarce. This review presented an overview of the causes, types, aspects, future challenges, and potential solutions to water scarcity, using Egypt as a case study. It highlighted Egypt’s current water situation, the factors contributing to scarcity, and the types of water resources available in the country. Several measures implemented by Egypt to mitigate water scarcity risks and manage water resources were also discussed. Improving river water quality forecasting is essential to support sustainable water management strategies. Brackish and seawater desalination represent promising options to alleviate scarcity; however, these technologies remain constrained by high costs, intensive energy requirements, and the environmental impacts of hypersaline effluents. The insights from this review provide valuable guidance for researchers, policymakers, and practitioners working to safeguard water resources globally. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Desalination; Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam; Artificial groundwater recharge; Floodwater harvesting; Wastewater reuse; Desalination brine | ||
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