Enhancement of Fire Resistance in Cotton/Polyester and Cotton/Linen Blends Using Sol-Gel Derived Silicate/Phosphate Coatings | ||
| Egyptian Journal of Chemistry | ||
| Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 16 September 2025 | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/ejchem.2025.405495.12069 | ||
| Authors | ||
| G. Zh. Jamanbayeva* 1; B. R. Taussarova1; А. Burkitbay1; Negim El-Sayed2; Ahmed G. Hassabo3 | ||
| 1Almaty Technological University, Almaty 050012, Kazakhstan | ||
| 2School of Materials Science and Green Technologies, Kazakh British Technical University, St Tole bi 59, Almaty, 050000, Kazakhstan | ||
| 3National Research Centre (Scopus affiliation ID 60014618), Textile Research and Technology Institute, Pre-treatment, and Finishing of Cellulose-based Textiles Department, 33 El-Behouth St. (former El-Tahrir str.), Dokki, P.O 12622, Giza, Egypt | ||
| Abstract | ||
| This study presents an innovative sol-gel flame-retardant system utilizing sodium silicate, urea, and sodium hy-drogen phosphate for cotton/polyester (60/40) and cotton/linen (70/30) blends. This formulation uses cheap, water-soluble precursors and fixes at ≤75 °C without needing a high-temperature curing phase, which is different from traditional phytic acid- or nanoparticle-based sol-gel coatings. The combined effects of P, N, and Si generated a solid protective layer that cut the time it took for materials to smolder from 60 seconds to 3–4 seconds in cotton/polyester and 25–28 seconds in cotton/linen. It also cut the length of the char from 220 mm to about 25 mm with less than 5% loss of tensile strength. SEM/EDX confirmed that silicon and phosphorus were evenly deposited on the fiber surface. The technique is easy, can be utilized on a large scale, and is good for the environment. It is a good alternative to current sol–gel flame-retardant technologies for blended textiles used in protective, household, and industrial settings. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| eco-friendly coatings; sol–gel technology; SEM/EDX; mechanical properties; blended textiles; phosphorus–nitrogen–silicon synergy | ||
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