Phytochemicals from Moringa oleifera Exhibit Antiviral Activity against Bean Yellow Mosaic Virus in Vicia faba L. | ||
| Egyptian Journal of Agronomy | ||
| Volume 47, Issue 4, December 2025, Pages 861-872 PDF (881.68 K) | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/agro.2025.398283.1735 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Eman M. EL-Abagy1; Amira M. E. Aly1; Sawsan M. Saied1; Ahmed A. Kheder2; Radwa M. shafie3; Hayam S. Abdelkader* 4 | ||
| 1Virus and Phytoplasma Research Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza, 12619 – Egypt | ||
| 2Associate Professor, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Virus and phytoplasma Dept. Agriculture Research Center(ARC), | ||
| 3Virus and Phytoplasma Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza, 12619 - Egypt | ||
| 4Virus Research Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute, ARC | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is a globally important legume and the most widely cultivated pulse crop in Egypt due to its high nutritional value. However, its productivity is severely constrained by Bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV), a widespread and economically significant pathogen. This study aimed to isolate and characterize BYMV in Egypt and to evaluate the antiviral efficacy of Moringa oleifera leaf extract as a natural biocontrol agent. BYMV was biologically purified using Chenopodium amaranticolor and confirmed through DAS-ELISA and RT-PCR, which yielded an 832 bp amplicon. Sequencing of the Egyptian isolate (GenBank Accession No. OR242736.1) revealed 89-100% identity with global BYMV strains. Aqueous M. oleifera extract was applied via stem injection and foliar spray at concentrations of 25, 50, and 75 mg/mL, either 24 hours before or after virus inoculation. The post-infection foliar spray at 50 mg/mL (VM) resulted in the highest suppression of viral accumulation (88%) and significantly enhanced host defense responses, including total phenolic content (13.04 mg/g), peroxidase (12.14 U/mg/min), PAL (489.29 µg/mg), and catalase activity (32.94 U/mg/min). GC-MS profiling identified 27 phytochemicals dominated by terpenoids (34%), fatty acid derivatives (29%), sterols (17%), and hydrocarbons (15%). Major constituents-such as neophytadiene, linoleoyl chloride, and cholestanol derivatives-possess known antiviral and antioxidant properties. Neophytadiene, in particular, may contribute to viral inhibition by disrupting membrane integrity and replication processes. Overall, the findings highlight M. oleifera extract as a promising, eco-friendly antiviral agent that suppresses BYMV through a combination of direct virucidal activity and the activation of host defense pathways. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| BYMV; Moringa oleifera; DAS-ELISA; RT-PCR; GC-MS | ||
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