Physicochemical Assessment and Magnetic Treatment of Groundwater in Al-Dhibaei Area, Tikrit City, Iraq: Implications for Potable and Aquatic Ecosystems | ||
| Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries | ||
| Volume 29, Issue 5, September and October 2025, Pages 863-887 PDF (1.37 M) | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/ejabf.2025.415335.6459 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Hala Mahmood Ismaeel* 1; Shahad Tareq Khalaf2; Noor Qutiba Saleh2 | ||
| 1Department of Biology, College of Education for Pure Sciences , Tikrit University, Iraq. | ||
| 2Department of Biology, College of Education for Pure Sciences, Tikrit University, Tikrit, Iraq | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Water is vital to life on Earth, making it one of the most precious elements. The current study was conducted in Tikrit City/Al-Dhibaei area, where three wells were addressed during the study period, from January 2025 to March 2025. All samples were conveyed to the laboratory for prompt physical and chemical analysis. Several physical properties were measured, including water temperature, electrical conductivity, and dissolved solids in addition to several chemical properties, for example pH, total hardness, calcium hardness, magnesium hardness, and salinity. After that, some properties of these waters were treated using magnetic technology. The results showed that the water temperature ranged from 21.2 to 24.1°C, and the electrical conductivity ranged from 2450 to 3000μS/ cm, while the pH ranged from 6.4 to 7.9, and the salinity ranged from 1.5 to 1.8ppt. The wells were classified as difficult based on the cumulative rates of dissolved ions and total hardness, which ranged between 1558 and 1680. Meanwhile, the levels of calcium hardness ranged from 1330 to 1336, and the levels of magnesium hardness ranged from 277 to 360, respectively. The magnetic treatment unit demonstrated high efficiency in removing salinity, as the salinity present in the water of these wells was removed and reduced. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Groundwater quality; Physicochemical parameters; Magnetic treatment; Hardness; Tikrit; Aquatic ecosystems | ||
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