Cutting-Edge Approaches in Vitiligo Therapy: A New Era of Treatment Options | ||
| Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences Assiut University | ||
| Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 23 September 2025 | ||
| Document Type: Review Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/bfsa.2025.404565.2643 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Pawan Karwa* 1; Umesh Bargal2; Sakshi Dhende2; Sonali Labhade3; Ritesh Bhole3; Harshad Kapare4; Nikhil Sakle5 | ||
| 1Depart of pharmacology,Dr D Y Patil Institute of Pharmaceutical sciences and research pimpri,Pune | ||
| 2Dr. D.Y. Patil Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Pimpri, Pune, 411018, India | ||
| 3Department of pharmaceutical chemistry,Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Sant Tukaram Nagar, Pimpri, Pune-411018,India | ||
| 4Department of Pharmaceutics,Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Sant Tukaram Nagar, Pimpri, Pune-411018,India | ||
| 5Department of pharmacology,YB chavan college of pharmacy,Aurangabad | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Vitiligo is a chronic autoimmune condition characterized by the gradual loss of melanocytes, leading to distinct depigmented patches on the skin. Although it is not physically life-threatening, vitiligo has a profound psychological and social impact on affected individuals. The disease's multifactorial pathogenesis, involving genetic susceptibility, immune dysfunction, oxidative stress, and melanocyte adhesion defects, presents significant challenges in developing universally effective treatments. This review summarizes current and emerging treatment strategies for vitiligo, including conventional options like topical corticosteroids and calcineurin inhibitors, which are commonly used for localized lesions but have limitations in long-term use. Narrowband UVB phototherapy continues to be the gold standard for widespread vitiligo, offering consistent repigmentation outcomes. Recent advances in targeted immunotherapy, such as Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors and interleukin-15 (IL-15) blockers, have demonstrated the potential to halt immune-mediated melanocyte destruction and reduce recurrence rates. Cell-based therapies, including melanocyte-keratinocyte transplantation and platelet-rich plasma (PRP), are gaining traction as promising regenerative approaches. Novel directions such as gene editing, modulation of the skin microbiome, and nanotechnology-enhanced drug delivery are opening new frontiers in personalized treatment. Additionally, artificial intelligence and mobile technologies are being integrated into clinical practice to support diagnosis, monitoring, and patient management. Overall, the evolving treatment landscape for vitiligo emphasizes a shift towards personalized and multi-modal therapy strategies. The combination of conventional, immunological, and regenerative approaches offers hope for more durable repigmentation and better disease control. Future research should aim to optimize these therapies for broader accessibility and long-term effectiveness. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| JAK inhibitors; IL-15 blockade; phototherapy; cell-based therapy; melanocyte transplantation | ||
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