Host Innate Immune Responses of Quails Infected with Avian Paramyxovirus-1 of Different Pathogenicity | ||
| Zagazig Veterinary Journal | ||
| Volume 53, Issue 3, September 2025, Pages 265-279 PDF (988.71 K) | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/zvjz.2025.366669.1280 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Khaled Abdelaal; Shimaa M.G Mansour* ; Mohamed Ismaiel; Ahmed A Ali | ||
| Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Sharkia 44511, Egypt | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Newcastle disease virus (NDV) inflicts considerable financial damage to the poultry industry globally. Japanese quails act as natural reservoirs for NDV and play significant role in virus epidemiology. Previous studies have documented variable susceptibility levels to the NDV among Japanese quails; however, the underlying mechanisms are still not well understood. In this study, the innate immune responses of quails to velogenic and lentogenic NDV strains were characterized. Pronounced transcriptional responses were seen in lung and spleen shortly after viral infection, inducing genes related to innate antiviral and pro-inflammatory cytokines. In the NDV genotype VII 1.1 infected group, a notable increase in the expression levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) was observed at 3 days post-infection (dpi), prior to their peak expression in the spleen at 5 dpi. In contrast, the LaSota inoculated group exhibited different transcriptional responses, with a notable increase in lung on day 1 post-infection. The NDV genotype VII 1.1 exhibited an increased viral load in the spleen at 5 dpi. Meanwhile, the viral load of LaSota strain was considerably higher at 3 dpi. These findings imply that infections with NDV strains of varying virulence are linked to variable viral loads and unique cytokine expression patterns in different tissues, proposing that the host response could possess a role in the pathobiology of NDV in quails. As well, the results emphasize significant variations in the quail's innate immune responses, infection dynamics and disease progression following NDV infection with different virulence. Additional research is warranted to further elucidate the molecular mechanism involved in NDV infection in a wide range of avian species. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Newcastle disease virus; cytokine; chemokine; qRRT-PCR; Egypt | ||
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