Anticarcinogenic Effect of Ethanolic Extract of Achillea Millefolium on Osteosarcoma (An In Vitro Study) | ||
| Alexandria Dental Journal | ||
| Articles in Press, Corrected Proof, Available Online from 02 October 2025 PDF (334.56 K) | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/adjalexu.2025.372863.1615 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Aya El Fouly* 1; Taissir Ali Omar2; Sahar Mohamed Elsheikh3; Salama Mohamed El-darier4; Nahla El-Gazzar5; Marwa Essawy6; enas omar magdy7 | ||
| 1Oral pathology, faculty of dentistry , Alexandria university , Egypt | ||
| 2department of Oral Pathology Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Egypt | ||
| 3Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Egypt | ||
| 4Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria Univesity, Alexandria, Egypt | ||
| 5department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Egypt. | ||
| 6Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University / Centre of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications (CERRMA), Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University | ||
| 7oral pathology, faculty of dentistry, alexandria university, egypt | ||
| Abstract | ||
| INTRODUCTION: Natural products, with their diverse chemical structures and biological activities, have gained attention for their anticancer potential. While Achillea millefolium (yarrow) has shown promise in cancer research, its effect on osteosarcoma remains unexplored. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the anticancer efficacy of the ethanolic extract of Achillea millefolium on osteosarcoma cells (MG-63) versus cisplatin. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The ethanolic extract of Achillea millefolium (AMEE) was obtained using maceration protocol followed by solvent evaporation. The cell viability of MG-63 cells was assessed using the MTT assay with serial dilutions of AMEE to determine the IC50 concentration and compare it to cisplatin. Apoptosis was analysed using flow cytometry with the Annexin-V assay, and migration was assessed by a wound healing assay. Statistical analysis was conducted with GraphPad Prism (8.0.2). RESULTS: The cell viability assay showed that AMEE exerted a dose-dependent cytotoxic effect on MG-63 cells, with an IC50 of 104.5 µg/mL after 48 h. At this concentration, early apoptosis was only 6.28 ± 1.36% compared to 15.42 ± 0.3% for cisplatin. In contrast, late apoptosis was significantly higher for the extract at 12.39 ± 4.5%, while cisplatin reached only 5.23 ± 0.1. The extract also demonstrated significant antimigratory potential, achieving a closure of 46.23 ± 8.0% compared to cisplatin, which reached 65.42 ± 1.6% at 48 h. CONCLUSION: Achillea millefolium extract exhibited significant tumoricidal effects on osteosarcoma cells by reducing cell viability, inducing apoptosis, and inhibiting cell migration, highlighting its potential for cancer therapy. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Osteosarcoma; MG-63; Cisplatin; Achillea millefolium; yarrow | ||
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