Risk Factors Associated with Osteoporotic Vertebral and Neck of Femur Fractures: A Hospital-Based Case-Control Study in Alexandria | ||
| Tanta Scientific Nursing Journal | ||
| Volume 38, Issue 3, August 2025 PDF (502.02 K) | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/tsnj.2025.457080 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Eman Ramadan Bedair Dekhail1; Mohammed Saleem Mohammed2; Mohammed Darwish El-Bourgy3; Mahmoud Ezz El-Din Hanafy4 | ||
| 1Clinical Instructor, Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, University of Damanhour | ||
| 2Professor of Epidemiology, Epidemiology Department, High Institute of Public Health, University of Alexandria | ||
| 3Professor of Health Education and Behavioral Science, Department of Health Administration and Behavioral Science, High Institute of Public Health, University of Alexandria | ||
| 4Professor of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Background: Osteoporotic vertebral and femoral neck fractures are major public health concerns, particularly in aging populations, due to their rising incidence and associated healthcare burden. Objective: To investigate sociodemographic, behavioral, nutritional, familial, and medical determinants of vertebral and femoral neck fractures in Alexandria, Egypt. Subjects and Method: A hospital-based matched case–control study was conducted at El-Hadara University and Ras El Tin Hospitals. The study enrolled 384 patients with confirmed vertebral or femoral neck fractures and 384 age- and sex-matched controls without fractures. Data collection encompassed sociodemographic indicators, family history, lifestyle practices, dietary intake, comorbidities, and medication use. Statistical analyses assessed associations between potential risk factors and fracture occurrence. Results: Advanced age (≥60 years), low education, unemployment, and rural residence significantly increased fracture risk (p < 0.001). A family history of osteoporosis or fractures was more common among cases (p < 0.001). Behavioral factors such as smoking, insufficient physical activity, and limited sun exposure were significantly associated with fractures (p < 0.001). Nutritional inadequacies—including low calcium, vitamin D, and protein intake—were markedly higher in cases (p < 0.001). Chronic conditions (osteoporosis, diabetes, hypertension, Parkinson’s disease) and prolonged corticosteroid use further elevated risk (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Fracture risk in Alexandria is multifactorial, influenced by sociodemographic vulnerabilities, modifiable lifestyle and nutritional behaviors, genetic predisposition, chronic diseases, and medications. Recommendations: Prevention should emphasize education, smoking cessation, physical activity, sun exposure, improved nutrition, fracture risk screening, liaison services, and rural outreach to enhance bone health equity. | ||
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