Bacterial Causes of Death in Shell Embryos | ||
| Suez Canal Veterinary Medical Journal. SCVMJ | ||
| Volume 30, Issue 2, December 2025, Pages 329-345 | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/scvmj.2025.411028.1212 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Ahmed Refaat Khafagy1; Magdy fathy El-kady2; Amira Fared Galal* 3; Nada Hussen Eidaros* 4 | ||
| 1Department of Bacteriology, Mycologyand ImmunologyDean of faculty of Veterinary MedicineAin shams University | ||
| 2Department of poultry and rabbit diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni suef University. | ||
| 3Veterinary Medicine Directorate, Dakahlia Governorate | ||
| 4Department of Bacteriology,Mycology and immunology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez canal University | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Dead-in-shell embryos remains a major concern in chicken hatcheries indicating high bacterial contamination that implies the necessity to dispose them. The present study was planned to investigate the occurrence, frequency of bacteria isolated from deceased embryos collected from different hatcheries at several Egyptian governorates. Three hundred fifty samples (350) collected from air sacs, yolk sacs, and internal organs of unhatched deceased chicks, in addition to swabs from egg nests and hatcheries, were submitted to bacteriological examination that revealed isolation of a total 261 bacterial isolates with a percentage of 74%. Staphylococcus aureus was the most prevalent with a total of 130 isolates (49.8%), followed by Salmonella with 66 isolates (25.2%), E. coli with 48 isolates (18.3%), and Klebsiella with 17 isolates (6.5%). Molecular identification of Staphylococcus aureus isolates was confirmed by amplification of the h16S rRNA gene, meanwhile the invA gene in Salmonella isolates was evidenced by using specific primer through distinct bands of 300 bp and the phoA gene was detected by its specific primer in all E coli isolates. The study put a thorough of light on bacterial causes of embryonic mortality and underscores the necessity of stringent cleanliness protocols in hatcheries. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Bacterial Isolation; Death in shell embryos; Staphylococcus aureus; E. coli; Salmonella; PCR | ||
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