BEHAVIOR OF IMIDAZOLE, 1,2,4-TRIAZOLE, AND BENZOTRIAZOLE IN AZA-MICHAEL REACTIONS WITH CROTONIC ACID | ||
| Egyptian Journal of Chemistry | ||
| Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 06 October 2025 | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/ejchem.2025.337812.10847 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Hasmik Khachatryan* ; Hovhannes Attaryan | ||
| aScientific and Technological Center of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, NAS RA, Azatutyan 26 ave., Yerevan, 0014, Republic of Armenia | ||
| Abstract | ||
| To achieve high yields in chemical reactions, ensuring optimal conditions is crucial. This involves the complete use of starting materials and the absence of by-products. Aza-Michael reactions, particularly the additions of azoles to activated double bonds, significantly meet these criteria. The aza-Michael reaction plays a crucial role in the total synthesis of natural products and complex molecules, highlighting its practical utility in various industrial applications. Moreover, aza-Michael reaction is used to synthesize β-amino acids and β-amino ketones, which are valuable intermediates in the production of various biologically active compounds, including antibiotics and anticancer agents. It has been demonstrated that imidazole, its basicity plays a significant role with the reaction of crotonic acid leading to its quaternization with crotonic acid and the subsequent formation of imidazole cyanamate. For 1,2,4-triazole and benzotriazole, are attributed to the non-autocatalytic nature of the reactions and the reaction temperature. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Azoles; imidazole; 1; 2; 4-triazole; benzotriazole; aza-Michael reactions | ||
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