Study of some epidemiological and immunological aspects of patients infected with Leishmania parasites | ||
| Microbes and Infectious Diseases | ||
| Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 07 October 2025 | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/mid.2025.419811.3169 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Zahraa Sadoon Hadi* 1; Nadia Ahmed Hadi Al-Ubaydi2 | ||
| 1Department of Biology, College of Education for women, University of Al-Shatraa, Iraq | ||
| 2Department of Biology, College of Education for Pure Sciences, University of Thi-Qar, Iraq | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Background: Leishmaniasis is a zoonotic and endemic disease in Iraq. Leishmaniasis is a zoonotic and endemic disease in Iraq. The study aimed to determine the relationship between epidemiological and immunological aspects ( IL-1β and IL-27) and their impact on patients with cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis. Methods:Thirty blood samples were taken from healthy individuals (control group) and sixty blood samples were taken from patients with cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis who attended Al-Hussein Teaching Hospital, Al-Nasiriyah Hospital, and private laboratories between November 2023 and July 2024. The levels of IL-1β and IL-27 were estimated using the human Interleukin1β and Interleukin 27 ELISA Kit (Elabscience, USA). Results: According to the current study's results, males infected with Leishmania tropica and Leishmania donovania had the highest infection rates, at 63.3% and 56.7%, respectively, when compared to females. With no discernible differences, the age group of 21–30 years had the highest incidence of Leishmania spp. for both species, at 40% and 36.7%, respectively, while the age group of 51–60 years had the lowest incidence, at 3.3% and 6.7%, respectively. With no discernible differences, the highest infection rates for both Leishmania species were found in rural areas (66.7% and 60%), while in urban areas the rates were 33% and 40%. Patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis had significantly higher levels of IL-1β and IL-27 than those with visceral leishmaniasis. Patients with cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis showed significantly higher levels of IL-1β and IL-27 than the control group. Conclusions: a potential role of the interleukins IL-1β and IL-27 in patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis and visceral leishmaniasis. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis; Cytokines (IL-1β; IL-27); Epidemiological aspects; Immunological response | ||
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