Study of Family with Sequence Similarity 19 Member A5 (FAM19A5) protein and Epstein Barr virus antibodies in Iraqi patients with autoimmune thyroiditis | ||
| Microbes and Infectious Diseases | ||
| Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 08 October 2025 | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/mid.2025.424785.3232 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Mais mohammed sami* ; Athraa Zaidan Hassan; Ameerah Mrebee zarzoor; Haider Hassan Saad | ||
| Department of Medical Laboratory Technicians, College of Health and Medical Techniques, Middle Technical University, Baghdad, Iraq | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Background: Autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD), the most predominant and well-researched organ-specific autoimmune diseases, include Graves' disease (GD) and Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT). In turn, GD and HT are the foremost causes of hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism, respectively. Predisposed by both genetic and environmental factors, including viral infections such as Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) Additionally, adipokines, including the novel protein Family with Sequence Similarity 19 Member A5 (FAM19A5), have emerged as potential biomarkers in various metabolic and inflammatory diseases but in autoimmune diseases are unknown. Objective: To investigate the correlation between EBV infection and autoimmune thyroiditis in Iraqi patients, focusing on the sero prevalence of EBV antibodies and assessment level of FAM19A as a novel or potential biomarker for autoimmune thyroiditis. Methods: This case-control study involved 50 patients with autoimmune thyroiditis in addition to 50 individuals serving as healthy control group. EBV antibodies and levels of FAM19A were measured using Elisa test. Results: The study showed significant differences in EBV antibodies and FAM19A5 protein between patients and controls. ROC curve analysis revealed high sensitivity and specificity for FAM19A5 as a novel biomarker for autoimmune thyroiditis. Conclusion: The current study reveals significant differences in EBNA-IgG, VCA-IgM ,VCA-IgG EBV as well as FAM19A5 protein between Iraqi patients with autoimmune thyroiditis in comparing with healthy control group. The ROC curve analysis for FAM19A5 showed high sensitivity and specificity, affirming its potential as a new biomarker for autoimmune thyroiditis. These findings suggest that EBV infection may play a role in autoimmune thyroiditis, and the FAM19A5 protein can be used as a novel biomarker for diagnosis and monitoring. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Thyroid disorder; EBV antibodies; FAM19A5 | ||
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